Tiếng Anh - Topic 1: Tenses

TOPIC 1: TENSES
I. Choose the best answer:
1. Nam his homework when I came in.
A. do	B.was doing	C. is doing	D. does
2. Nga has worked in this company . 6 years.
A. since	B.in	C.for	D. at
3. When I got to the hospital , she _____ in the waiting room.
A. sat	B. was sitting	C. had sat	D. is sitting.
4. Can you tell me how ______ this washing machine ?
A. to operate	B. I could operate	C. operating	D. could I operate
5. John ___ at the moment, so he can’t answer the telephone.
A. works B. is working C. has worked D. will work 
6. I ___ my key. Can you help me look for it?
A. lose B. lost C. had lost D. have lost
7. Last week, Dick ___ his right leg.
A. falls and breaks B. fell and breaks C. fell and broke D. falls and broke
8. The moon ___ round the earth.
A. goes B. is going C. will go D. went
9. Last night, Tina ___ in bed when suddenly she heard a scream.
A. read B. was reading	C. has read 	D. had read
10.Ann lives in London. She ___ there for 10 years.
A. has been living B. is living C. was living D. had been living
11. How many language ___ John speak?
A. do B. does C. did D. will
12. Look! Someone ___ to open your car door.
A. is trying B. has been trying C. are trying D. were trying
13. Since 1981, scientists in the world ___ a lot of things to fight AIDS.
A. had done B. has done C. have done D. did
14. This room is dirty. Someone ___ here.
A. smoked B. has smoked C. had been smoking D. has been smoking
15. Mike ___ one hour ago.
A. phoned B. was phoning C. had phoned D. has phoned
16. I was so embarrassed, I was sure that someone ___ at me.
A. were looking B. was looking C. has been looking D. is looking
17. Paulo has learned English ___ five years.
A. since B. from C. to D. for
18. Oh! I’ve cut my finger. It ___ .
A. bleeds B. is bleeding C. had bleed D. was bleeding
19. When you ___ to England this summer, please visit me.
A. will come B. came C. come D. are coming
20. Families in the Western world ___ very much in the last 100 years.
A. changed B. has changed C. had changed D. have changed
21. It ___ five years since he ___ to study English.
A. was/ begin B. is/ has begun C. will be/ begins D. is/ begun
22. Monica ___ with her sister at the moment until she find a flat.
A. stays B. is staying C. will stay D. is going to stay
23. Laura says she is 17 but I ___ her.
A. don’t believe B. didn’t believe C. won’t believe D. wouldn’t believe
24. When he worked here, Simon ___mistake.
A. always made B. made always C. was always making D. was making always
25. I___ work when I saw the accident.
A. had driven B. am driving C. drove D. was driving
26. Since he bought a car, he ___ to work everyday.
A. drives B. is driving C. has driven D. has been driving
27. Her husband ___ unemployed since they ___ the countryside.
A. was/ moved B. was/ have moved C. has been/ moved D. has been/ have moved
28. We ___ our evening meal at half past seven yesterday and then we watched a film on TV.
A. was having B. were having C. had D. had had
29. Tim ___ in three movies already. I think he will be a star someday.
A. had appeared B. has appeared C. was appearing D. is appearing
30. Please don’t make so much noise. My son ___.
A. sleeps B. is sleeping C. slept D. has been sleeping
31. When the storm ___ this area tomorrow, it will bring with it great destruction force.
A. is reaching B. will reach C. reaches D. is going to reach
32. While my mother ____ dinner the phone rang.
A. cooked B. had cooked C. has cooked D. was cooking
33. There is nobody in the room but there is a smell of cigarettes. Somebody ___ .
A. has smoked B. has been smoking C. have been smoking D. had been smoking
34. His answers to our question ___ everything so far.
A. changes B. change C. has changed D. have changed 
35. I’ll handle over all my files to my assistant before I ___ .
A. am leaving B. leave C. will leave D. shall leave
36. I saw Maggie at the party. She ___ a very beautiful dress.
A. wears B. wore C. was wearing D. has wore
37. He ___ in the U.S.A at the present.
A. studies B. has studied C. is studying D. will study
38. The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book.
A. had written B. were writing C. has written D. was writing
39. Angelina Jolie is a famous actress. She ___ in several films.
A. appears B. is appearing C. appeared D. has appeared
40. I’ll see him when he ___ next week.
A. will arrive B. arrives C. has arrived D. would arrive
II. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs 
1. Peter fell asleep while he (read). a newspaper.
2. It is easy (do) .. that exercise.
3. He often (buy) books at this shop.
4. They (watch). T.V last night.
5. Tuan already ( do ) _________his homework.
6. I didn't know how ( get ) ____to your house so I stopped ( ask )______the way.
7. It ( rain ) _________when the plane got to Ha Noi.
8. Huong ( go ) _________to Son La last week.
9. They ( watch ) _________T.V at 8.30 last night.
10. Lan arranged flowers the most (attract)_________ in the contest.
11. What______ Nam (do) _________this time yesterday 
12. Ha Long Bay is one of the (culture)__________Heritage Sites.
13. We (go)________to school when it rained.
14. We started (learn) _______ English when we were ten.
15. My friend (not do) _______ his homework yet.
III. Write a passage using the following sets of words and phrases. You can make all the necessary changes and additions. 
1. Lan / like / learn English => ................................................
2. She / begin / learn / this language / 2003=> ................................................
3. She / always / want / improve her English=> ................................................
4. Last week / she / buy / English-Vietnamese dictionary=> ................................................
5. She / often / use/ it/ for reading => ................................................
IV. Choose the underlined part among A, B,C or D that needs correcting. 
1. When I walk past the park, I saw some children play football. 
	 A B C D 	
2. After John eaten dinner, he wrote several letters and went to bed. 
	 A B C D 
3. What did you do at 9 o'clock last night? I phoned you but nobody answered. 
	A B C D 	 
4. When I arrived at the station, the train has already left. 
	A B C D 	
5. Ann and Susan have known each other during they were at school. 
 A B C D 	
6. She has disappeared three days ago, and they are still looking for her now. 
 A B C D
7. After Mrs. Wang had returned to her house from work, she was cooking dinner
 A	 B C D
8. It’s the first time I saw this film
 A B C D
9. After he graduates from university, he joined the army.
 A B C D
10. Up to now(A), there had been(B) no(C) woman being chosen(D) the US president.
V. Read the passage and answer the following questions. (1.5pts)
Alexander Fleming was born in 1881 in Scotland. He went to a small school in a village, and when he left school he didn’t go to university. He worked for five years in an office. But his brother, Tom, was a doctor and helped Fleming to go to university and study medicine. So he went to London University and in 1906 he became a doctor. In 1915, Fleming married Sarah McElroy, an Irish woman. They had one son. 
During the First World War, many soldiers died in hospital because they didn’t have the right medicines. So after the war, Fleming tried to find a drug that could help them. He worked for many years and in 1928 he discovered a new drug and he called it “penicillin”. He later worked with an Australian and a German scientist to develop a drug that doctors could use. In 1945, they won the Nobel Prize in medicine for their work on penicillin.
1. Where was Alexander Fleming born? 
2. Did he work in an office before he went to university? 
3. What did he study at university? 
4. How many children did he have? 
5. What kind of drug did he discover? 
6. When did he win the Nobel Prize in medicine? 
IV. Em hãy đọc kỹ đoạn văn sau, rồi trả lời các câu hỏi bên dưới. (2 điểm)
Peter is my pen pal. He is 15 years old. He lives in a house in London. He has lived in London for ten years. He is an excellent student. He always works hard at school and gets good marks. He loves learning Vietnamese in his free time. He often practices writing letters in Vietnamese. Sometimes he helps me to correct my writing, and sometimes I help him to correct his spelling mistakes. Next summer, he is going to visit Ho Chi Minh City with his family. I’m looking forward to seeing him soon.
Questions:
1. How old is Peter?
2. How long has he lived in London?
3. What does he love doing in his free time?
4. He is going to visit Ho Chi Minh City next summer, isn't he?
A.Sequence of tenses : (Sù phèi hîp cña c¸c th× )
 Trong c©u cã hai mÖnh ®Ò trë lªn , c¸c déng tõ ph¶i cã sù phèi hîp vÒ th×.
I. Sù phèi hîp cña c¸c ®éng tõ trong mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh vµ mÖnh ®Ò phô nh­ sau:
MÖnh ®Ò chÝnh
MÖnh ®Ò phô
1.Simple Present 
-Simple Present
-Present Perfect
-Present Progressive
-Simple Future / am /is /are going to
-Simple Past (NÕu cã thêi gian x¸c ®Þnh )
2.Simple Past
-Simpe Past
-Past Perfect
-Past Progressive
-Would / was-were going to
-Simple Present (NÕu diÔn t¶ mét ch©n lý )
3.Present Perfect
Simple present
4.Past Perfect
Simple Past
Eg : She says she has finished her homework already.
 Tom says he will visit me again. She said she would visit me again.
 My teacher said that the sun rises in the East. Mary said that she was cooking then
II.Sù phèi hîp cña c¸c ®éng tõ trong mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh vµ mÖnh ®Ò tr¹ng ng÷ chØ thêi gian nh­ sau :
MÖnh ®Ò chÝnh
MÖnh ®Ò trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian
1.Present Tenses
Present Tenses 
2.Past Tenses
Past Tenses
3.Future Tenses
Future Tenses
 * Notes :- Present Tenses : TÊt c¶ c¸c th× hiÖn t¹i tuú theo ng÷ c¶nh cña c©u
 - Past Tenses : TÊt c¶ c¸c th× qu¸ khø tuú theo ng÷ c¶nh cña c©u
 - Future Tenses : TÊt c¶ c¸c th× t­¬ng lai tuú theo ng÷ c¶nh cña c©u
* MÖnh ®Ò tr¹ng ng÷ chØ thêi gian th­êng ®­îc b¾t ®Çu b»ng víi c¸c nèi sau:
 -when : khi
-whenever : bÊt cø khi nµo
-as : khi
-while : trong khi
-before : tr­íc khi
-after :sau khi
-as soon as : ngay sau khi
-till : cho ®Õn khi
-until : 
-since : tõ khi
-as long as : chõng nµo , cho ®Õn khi
 Eg:+ He never goes home before he has finished his work.
 +I often read a newspaper while I am waiting for the bus.
 +We will go as soon as you have finished your work.
 +It was raining hard when I got there.
 +The train had already left when I arrived at the station.
 +Please wait here until I come back.
* Notes : Kh«ng ®­îc dïng th× t­¬ng lai (Future Tenses ) trong c¸c mÖnh ®Ò tr¹ng ng÷ chØ thêi gian (cã thÓ thay b»ng th× hiÖn t¹i )
CA 5: PRONUNCIATION – WORD STRESS
1. Đa số các động từ 2 âm tiết thì trọng âm chính nhấn vào âm tiết thứ 2. 
Ex: En’joy - co’llect - es’cape - de’stroy - en’joy -	re’peat - A’llow - as’sist - ac’cept re’lax - a’ttract -	a’ccent	 - Ex’plain - de’scend - for’get - a’llow - main’tain - con’sent 
Chú ý: động từ tận cùng bằng ow; en; y; el; er; le; ish: trọng âm ở âm tiết thứ nhất
Ex: ‘offer, ‘happen , ‘answer , ‘enter , ‘listen , ‘open, ‘finish, ‘study, ‘follow, ‘narrow... 
2. Đa số các danh từ và tính từ 2 âm tiết thì trọng âm chính nhấn vào âm tiết thứ 1
Ex: ‘mountain ‘evening ‘butcher ‘carpet ‘busy ‘village ‘summer ‘birthday ‘porter ‘pretty ‘morning ‘winter ‘beggar ‘table ‘handsome .....
Ngoại trừ : ma’chine mis’take a’lone a’sleep .....
3. Danh từ ghép thường có trọng âm chính vào âm tiết 1 : 
Ex: ‘raincoat 	‘tea- cup 	‘film- maker 	 ‘shorthand 	 ‘bookshop 	 ‘footpath
shortlist 	‘airline 	‘bedroom 	 ‘typewriter ‘snowstorm ‘suitcase
airport 	‘dishwasher 	‘passport 	 ‘hot- dog 	 ‘bathroom 	 ‘speed limit ‘sunrise 
4. Tính từ ghép thường có trọng âm chính nhấn vào từ thứ 1, nhưng nếu tính từ ghép mà từ đầu tiên là tính từ hay trạng từ hoặc kết thúc bằng đuôi “ ed” thì trọng âm chính lại nhấn ở từ thứ 2. Tương tự động từ ghép và trạng từ ghép có trọng âm chính nhân vào từ thứ 2 : 
Ex: ‘home - sick ‘air- sick ‘praiseworthy ‘water- proof ‘trustworthy ‘lighting- fast ,
Nhưng : bad- ‘temper 	 short- ‘sighted well-‘ informed 	ups’tairs
 well – ‘done short- ‘handed north- ‘east down- ‘stream 
 well – ‘dressed ill – ‘treated down’stairs 	 	north – ‘west ... 
5. Các từ kết thúc bằng các đuôi : how, what, where, thì trọng âm vào âm tiết 1 : 
Ex: ‘anywhere ‘somehow ‘somewhere .... 
6. Các từ hai âm tiết bắt đầu bằng A thì trọng âm vào âm tiết 2 : 
Ex: A’bed 	a’bout 	a’bove	 	a’back 	a’gain 	a’lone 	 a’chieve 	 a’like
A’live 	a’go 	a’sleep 	a’broad 	a’side 	 a’buse 	 a’fraid	
7. Các từ tận cùng bằng các đuôi: - ety, - ity, - ion ,- sion, - cial,- ically, - ious, -eous, - ian, - ior, - iar, iasm
 - ience, - iency, - ient, - ier, - ic, - ics, -ial, -ical, -ible, -uous, -ics*, ium, - logy, - sophy,- graphy - ular, - ulum ,
Thì trọng âm vào âm tiêt đứng ngay trước nó : 
Ex: de’cision	 dic’tation 	 libra’rian 	 ex’perience ‘premier so’ciety arti’ficial su’perior 	 ef’ficiency re’public mathe’matics cou’rageous fa’miliar con’venient 	 Ngoại trừ : 	‘cathonic (thiên chúa giáo), ‘lunatic (âm lịch) , ‘arabic (ả rập) , ‘politics (chính trị học) a’rithmetic (số học)
8. Các từ có kết thúc bằng – ate, - cy*, -ty, -phy, -gy nếu 2 âm tiết thì trọng âm vào âm tiết 1. Nếu 3 âm tiết hoặc trên 3 âm tiết thì trọng âm nhấn vào âm tiết thứ 3 từ cuối lên.
Ex: ‘Senate 	 Com’municate 	‘regulate 	‘playmate cong’ratulate 	 ‘concentrate 	 ‘activate ‘complicate, tech’nology, 	e`mergency, 	‘certainty 	‘biology 	 phi’losophy
Ngoại trừ: ‘Accuracy
9. Các từ tận cùng bằng các đuôi - ade, - ee, - ese, - eer, - ette, - oo, -oon , - ain (chỉ động từ), -esque,- isque,
 -aire ,-mental, -ever, - self thì trọng âm được đặt ngay trên các đuôi này : 
Ex: Lemo’nade 	Chi’nese 	deg’ree pion’eer	 ciga’rette 	kanga’roo sa’loon 	colon’nade Japa’nese 	absen’tee 	engi’neer bam’boo ty’phoon ba’lloon Vietna’mese refu’gee guaran’tee muske’teer ta’boo after’noon ty’phoon, when’ever	environ’mental
 Ngoại trừ: ‘coffee (cà phê), com’mitee (ủy ban)...
10. Các từ chỉ số lượng nhấn trọng âm ở từ cuối kết thúc bằng đuôi - teen . ngược lại sẽ nhấn trọng âm ở âm tiết đầu tiên nếu kết thúc bằng đuôi - y : 
Thir’teen 	four’teen............ // ‘twenty , ‘thirty , ‘fifty ..... 
11. Các tiền tố (prefix) và hậu tố không bao giờ mang trọng âm , mà thường nhấn mạnh ở từ gốc : 
A, Tiền tố không làm thay đổi trọng âm của từ gốc:
UN- 	im’portant	unim’portant
IM-	‘perfect	im’perfect
IN-	 Com’plete	incom’plete
IR- 	Re’spective	irre’spective
DIS- 	Con’nect	discon’nect
NON-	‘smokers	non’smokers
EN/EX-	‘courage	en’courage
RE-	a’rrange	rea’rrange
OVER-	‘populated	over’populated
UNDER-	de’veloped	underde’veloped
Ngoại từ : 	‘Understatement: lời nói nhẹ đi( n )) ‘Underground:ngầm (adj)
B, Hậu tố không làm thay đổi trọng âm của từ gốc:
-FUL	‘beauty	à ‘beautiful	-LESS	‘thoughtà‘thoughtless
-ABLE	en’joy	à en’joyable	-AL	tra’ditionà tra’ditional
-OUS	‘dangerà ‘dangerous	-LY	di’rectà di’rectly
-ER/OR/ANT	‘worker / ‘actor	-ING/IVE	be’gin	à be’ginning
-ISE/ IZE	‘memory à ‘memorize	-EN	‘widen
-MENT	‘employ à em’ployment	-NESS	‘happy à ‘happiness
-SHIP	‘friendship	-HOOD	childhood
12. Từ có 3 âm tiết:
a. Động từ :
- Trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết 2 nếu âm tiết thứ 3 có nguyên âm ngắn và kết thúc bằng 1 phụ âm :
Eg: encounter /iŋ’kauntə/ determine /di’t3:min/
- Trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết 1 nếu âm tiết thứ 3 là nguyên âm dài hoặc nguyên âm đôi hay kết thúc bằng 2 phụ âm trở lên: exercise / 'eksəsaiz/, compromise/ ['kɔmprəmaiz]
 Ngoại lệ: entertain /entə’tein/ compre’hend ..
b. Danh từ : 
- Nếu âm tiết thứ 3 có nguyên âm ngắn hay nguyên âm đôi “əu” và nếu âm tiết thứ 2 chứa nguyên âm dài hay nguyên âm đôi kết thúc bằng 2 phụ âm trở lên à thì nhấn âm tiết thứ 2.
Eg: potato /pə’teitəu/ diaster / di`za:stə/
- Nếu âm tiết thứ 3 chứa nguyên âm ngắn và âm tiết thứ 2 chứa nguyên âm ngắn và âm tiết thứ 2 kết thúc bằng 1 phụ âm à thì nhấn âm tiết 1.
Eg: emperor / `empərə/ cinema / `sinəmə/ ..
- Nếu âm tiết thứ 3 chứa nguyên âm dài hoặc nguyên âm đôi hoặc kết thúc bằng 2 phụ âm trở lên à thì nhấn âm tiết đầu.
Eg: `architect. 
* Chú ý: Tính từ 3 âm tiết như danh từ 3 âm tiết.
EXERCISE
1. a. pollute	B. contractual	C. reject	D. marvellous
2. A. mechanic	B. military	C. apologize	D. miraculous
3. A. compulsory	B. intensity	C. kidding	D. invaluable
4. A. nursery	B. focus	C. delicate	D. secure
5. A. curriculum	B. kindergarten	C. contaminate	D. conventional
6. A. apology	B. industrial	C. industry	D. disaster
7. A. interview	B. certificate	C. applicant	D. primary 
8. A. certificate	B. apartment	C. individual	D. biology
9. A. scientific	B. availlable	C. suspicious	D. supportive 
10. A. especially	B. comfortably	C. carefully	D. possibly
11. A. importance	B. subtraction	C. algebra	D. example
12. A. aspect	B. careful	C. require	D. successful
13. A. terrific	B. applicant	C. banking	D. ignorant
14. A. recognize	B. challenge	C. symbolize	D. continue
15. A. continent	B. belong	C. master	D. access
16. A. appalling	B. ashamed	C. November	D. architect
17. A. policeman	B. cinema	C. overcoat	D. politics
18. A. competition	B. intelligent	C. automation	D. information
19. A. accountant	B. Arabic	C. Germany	D. chemistry
20. A. Attention	B. interesting	C. Influence	D. television