Tài liệu tự chọn môn Anh văn 8 - Topic4: My neighborhood

Topic4: MY NEIGHBORHOOD
PERIOD 13. MODAL VERBS: MAY, MIGHT, CAN, COULD
A. Revision: 
1. CAN = có thể, có khả năng Sau CAN (COULD) + V (nguyên mẫu không "TO")
- Động từ khiếm khuyết CAN có quá khứ là COULD được dùng để chỉ
 Khả năng (Possibility)	 EX: I can speak English. (Tôi có thể nói tiếng Anh)
 Sự có thể (Probability) 	 The dirt can come from vegetables
Sự cho phép (Permission): EX: Can I go out, mum? - YeS, you can.
2. MAY = có lẽ, có thể:
- Động từ khiếm khuyết MAY có quá khứ là MIGHT được dùng để chỉ 
Sự cho phép (có tính chất trang trọng và hình thức hơn CAN và COULD) 
EX: May I sit here? 	(Tôi có thể ngồi ở đây được không?)
Chỉ khả năng có thể xảy ra.
 	 I may go to Da Lat tomorrow. (Có thể ngày mai tôi đi Đà Lạt.)
B Practice:
1. Make suggestions. Use can. ( present)
What shall we have for dinner tonight? (fish) Can we 	?
When shall we go and see Tom? (on Friday) 	
II. Complete the sentences with could. (past.)
He can’t play tennis very well now but he ................... quite well when he was younger.
She can’t run very fast now but when she was at school she ................... faster than anyone else.
III.. Make sentences with may. ( present)
“Do you know if they are married?” “I’m not sure. Theymay be married.”
“Do you know if she want to go?” “I’m not sure 	”.
 “Do you know if he has a car?” “I 	”.
IV. Make sentences with might (past.)
“Do you know if she was ill?” “I’m not sure she 	”.
“Do you know if she told any body?” “I 	”.
“Do you know if she was listening?” “I 	”.
V. Make sentences
Look! Sue’s going out. I wonder where she’s going.
a, (she/may/go to theatre) 	
b, (she/could/go to a party) 	
Why didn’t Tom answer the doorbell? I’m sure he was in the house at that time.
a, (he/may/go/to bed early) 	
b, (he might not/hear/the bell) 	
c, (he could/be/in the bath) 	
George didn’t come to the party. I wonder why not.
a, (he might/have/to go somewhere else) 	
b, (he may not/know/sbout it) 	
VI. Read the situation and write what you would say. Use the words given in brackets.
(CAN, COULD, MAY: yêu cầu, cho phép, đề nghị.)
You want to borrow your friend’s camera. What do you say to him/her? 
 Could ...	?
You have a car and you want to give somebody a lift. What do you say? 
 Can I ...	?
You have to go to the airport but you don’t know how to get there. You ask a passer-by. 
 Could you...	?
You are at an interview. You want to drink some juice. What do you ask first? 
 May I ....	?
Topic4: MY NEIGHBORHOOD
PERIOD 14. PRESENT PERFECT WITH SINCE AND FOR
A. Revision: The Present Perfect Tense
 1. Form 
 - Affirmative: S + has/have +V3/ed…. 
 - Negative: S + has/have + not + V3/ed….. 
 - Interrogative: Has/Have + S + V3/ed….? 
 2. Usage: Thời hiện tại hoàn thành dùng kèm với SINCE và FOR để diễn tả một hành động bắt đầu diễn ra trong quá khứ và vẫn còn xảy ra ở hiện tại.
John has lived in that house for 20 years. (He still lives there.)
 = John has lived in that house since 2011. (Giả sử hiện nay là 2011) 
 3. Note:Cách dùng SINCE và FOR: 
 - For + a period of time (FOR + khoảng thời gian:)
 For two hours/ a week/ 20 minutes/ 50 years/ five days/ a long time/ six months/ ages
He has worked here for a year. (He began working here a year ago and still works here.)
 - We do not use for + all ... (all day/all my life etc.): Chúng ta không dùng FOR trước ALL DAY…
 * I've lived here all my life. (not 'for all my life')
- Since with the point in time (SINCE + thời điểm bắt đầu:)
 Since 8 o'clock/ 1977/ Monday/ Christmas/ 12 May/ lunchtime/ April/ they were at school
 He has worked here since this time last year.
 - S + has/have +V3/ed…… since + S + V2/ed….
 Ex: We have known each other since we worked in this factory.
B Practice:
 I. Put in for or since
It's been raining …………….. lunchtime.
Tom's father has been doing the same job …………….. 20 years.
Have you been learning English …………….. a long time?
Sarah has lived in London …………….. 1985.
…………….. Christmas, the weather has been quite good.
Please hurry up! We've been waiting …………….. an hour.
Kevin has been looking for a job …………….. he left school.
The house is very dirty. We haven't cleaned it …………….. ages. 
II. Put the verbs in parentheses into the present perfect tense:
He (practice)_______________ the piano Since 8 o'clock.
I (not meet) him______________ this movie since last week.
Jorge (read)____________ the newspaper for an hour.
______ Maria (l earn)_____________ English since grade 6?
He (swim)_____________ for half an hour.
How long ____________ Mr. Johnson (work) ____________ here? For 35 years.
We (begin)_____________ to study for the test since this morning.
II. Put the verbs in parentheses into the correct tenses:
John (hate)____________ smoke.
Jill always (get up)____________ at 6.00 a.m.
Joan (travel)___________ around the world.
We (not see)_____________ this movie last night.
Terry (clean)__________ the lawn tomorrow.
John and I (be)______________ pen pals for nearly 3 years.
Maryam (stay)____________ with us at the moment.
He (wear)___________ the same coat since he (move)___________ here.
I (not see)_____________ your brother recently.
Listen to those people! What language____________ they (speak) ___________?
Topic4: MY NEIGHBORHOOD
PERIOD 15. PRESENT PERFECT AND PAST SIMPLE TENSE
A. Revision: 
	Past simple	
Present perfect 
S + V 2 / V– ed
S + didn’t + V1
Did + S + V1?
S +have /has + V3
 S + haven’t /hasn’t + V3
Have /Has + S + V3?
Yesterday, ago, last…, In 1979 
For: Khoảng thời gian hoaøn toaøn ôû QK
Since: 8 o'clock/1977/Monday/Christmas/12 May For: a day/ few years..Khoảng thời töø QK ñeán hieän taïi
Haønh ñoäng ñaõ xaûy ra ñaõ xaûy ra vaø ñaõ keát thuùc, roõ thôøi gian 
Haønh ñoäng ñaõ xaûy ra vaø coøn löu laïi ôû hieän taïi, duøng keøm vôùi since, for, since when, how long: 
B Practice:
I. Choose the correct word:
I arrived home at half past twelve ( since last night - last night). 
I have visited many museums ( in 2008 - since 2008).
When were you in Paris? – (a week ago – for a week)
I was born (on 21st May – since May)
When (did / were) you learn English?
He (haven’t eaten / hasn’t eaten) anything.
Jim (was / were ) at the tennis club last Friday.
Have you (washed – wash) it?
II. Choose the correct form, present perfect (I have done) or simple past (I did).
Mr Clark (worked – has worked) in a bank for 15 years. Then he gave it up.
Molly lives in Dublin. She (has lived - lived) there all her life.
Bob and Alice are married. They (have been - were) married for 20 years.
When we were on holiday, the weather (hase been - was) awful.
The weather (has been - was) very nice since Sunday, don’t you think?
My grandfather ( has died – died) 30 years ago.
 I (have met - met) him since this morning.
He (didn’t go – hasn’t gone) out yesterday.
III. Put the verb into the correct form, present perfect (I have done) or simple past (I did).
I (see) .......................... her last year.
I (see) .......................... her since last year.
Tom (be) .......................... in Hanoi for a year.
I (read) .......................... the novel written by Jack London last week.
What .......................... you (do) .......................... yesterday?
...................you (watch) .......................... TV last night?
She (be) .......................... born in 1980.
He (write) .......................... a book since 1999.
Mr. Green (teach) ........................ English in this school since he graduated in 1986.
How long.......................... you (learn) .......................... English?
Jill .......................... (buy) a new car for two weeks.
His hair is very short. He .......................... (have) a haircut for a few days.
IV. Make sentences using the words given
(I/be/ill twice since last month) 
 I 	
(How many times/be/you/ill last year?) 
(I/not/drink/any coffe since Sunday) 
Topic4: MY NEIGHBORHOOD
PERIOD 16. ADJECTIVES: LIKE, (NOT) AS…AS, THE SAME AS, DIFFERENT FROM
A. Revision:
1. Equality: (So sánh bằng)
 	a. S1 + V + AS + ADJ/ ADV + AS + S2
 Jack is as young as John.	(Jack trẻ như John.)
b. S1 + (NOT V) + SO/ AS + ADJ/ ADV + AS + S2
 John is not as tall as Tim. (John không cao bằng Tim.)
c. S1 + V + the same ( age/ height/ weight /class…. ) + AS + S2
This book is the same as that one.(Quyển sách này giống như quyển sách kia.)
You are not the same age as I. = You and I are not the same age.
Bạn không cùng tuổi tôi.= Bạn và tôi không cùng tuổi 
2. S1 + V…. + like + N/ Pro. (LIKE: là 1 giới từ - prep: như)
I am glad to have a friend like you. (Tôi vui mừng có người bạn như bạn.)
3. S1 + L.V + DIFFERENT FROM + N/ Pro.
That bag is different from that one. (Cái giỏ này thì khác với cái kia.)
B. Practice:
I. Choose the correct word:
He swims (like- as) a fish 
Your weight isn’t the same (like- as ) his.
Mai is (like- as ) beautiful as Nga.
We went to (the same, differen from) school when we were young.
Schools in the U.S.A are (the same, differen fromt) those in Vietnam
Tam and Nam are (the same , differen fromt) height.
II. Complete the sentences, using “like, as, same , different” 
She doesn’t play .......................... well .......................... her sister.
He was asked to do the .......................... work again .
I also got agood mark. ..................... Mai
You should know to behave .......................... that.
She is ............ old .............. they.
Your task is quite .......................... from mine.
III. Rewrite sentences:
Jack is as young as John. 	Jack and John are ..................................................................
Jack is as tall as John.	 Jack and John are .................................................................
Jack is as heavy as John. 	 Jack and John are .................................................................
Jack and John are not the same class. Jack’s class is ..............................................................
Your task is not the same as mine. Your task is.........................................................................
IV. Read the passage and answer the questions below: 
 Hoa is excited about the interesting activities she is going to do. The Y&Y Club is having a plan to help the community. She’ll take part in its recycling program. In joining this program, she’ll collect used paper, glass and empty cans. Then she will send them for recycling.
She hopes that she could save natural resources and earn some money for her school Y&Y in these activities. She also thinks about participating helping planting trees and flowers or either the street children.
What club does Hoa take part in?
	.............................................................................................................................................................
Can The Y&Y help the community?
	.............................................................................................................................................................
What will Hoa do in this pgrogram?
	.............................................................................................................................................................
What does she think about the plan?