Tài liệu Ôn tập môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 8 - Unit 8: English speaking countries

UNIT 8: ENGLISH SPEAKING COUNTRIES
A. VOCABULARY:
- aborigines (n) : thổ dân
- absolutely (adv) : tuyệt đối, chắc chắn
- accent (n) : giọng điệu
- awesome (adj) : tuyệt vời
- cattle station (n) : trại gia súc
- ghost (n) : ma
- haunt (v) : ám ảnh
- icon (n) : biểu tượng
- kangaroo (n) :chuột túi
- koala (n) : gấu túi
- kilt (n) : váy ca-rô của đàn ông Scotland
- legend (n) : huyền thoại
- loch = lake (n) : hồ (phương ngữ ở Scotland)
- official (adj) : chính thống/ chính thức
- parade (n) : cuộc diễu hành
- puzzle (n) : trò chơi đố
- schedule (n) : lịch trình, thời gian biểu
- state (n) : bang
- unique (n) : độc đáo, riêng biệt
- spectacle (n) : quang cảnh, cảnh tượng
- spectacular (adj) : hùng vĩ, thu hút
B. PRONUNCIATION:
*Stress in words ending in –ese and –ee:
- Đối với những từ tận cùng của nó là “-ese” hay “-ee” thì dấu nhấn thường rơi vào âm cuối.
Example: train’nee, ag’ree, Chi’nese, Japan’nese.
C. GRAMMAR:
I. Present simple tense:
* Form: (+) S + V(s/es)
 (-) S + don’t/doesn’t + V
 (?) Do/ Does + S + V?
 - Yes, S + do/does
 - No, S + don’t/ doesn’t
* Usage:
 Thì hiện tại đơn dùng để diễn tả: 
 - Thói quen hàng ngày.
 Ex: I get up at 6 o’clock every day.
 - Sự việc hay sự thật hiển nhiên.
 Ex: The Earth goes around the Sun.
 - Sự việc sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai theo thời gian biểu hay lịch trình.
 Ex: The train to Bristol leaves at 11.15 from platform four.
 Our school year starts next week, on September 5th.
* Note: 
- Adverbs of time are often used: every day/ week, always, usually, often, never, seldom, once a week, twice a month, 
II. Present continuous tense. 
* Form: (+) S + am/ is/ are + V-ing
 (-) S + am/ is/ are + not + V-ing
 (?) Am/ Is/ Are + S + V-ing?
 - Yes, S + am/ is/ are
 - No, S + am/ is/ are + not
* Usage:
Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn dùng để tả:
- Hành động đang diễn ra lúc nói.
 Ex: I’m having a bath now.
- Hành động xảy ra ở tương lai.
Ex: She is going to the cinema tonight
- Diễn tả sự than phiền (đi với always).
 Ex: He is always making noise.
* Note: 
- Adverbs of time are often used: at the moment, at present, now, right now, currently, this week/ month/ year; Look!, Listen!, Be quiet!, .
III. Present perfect tense. 
* Form: (+) S + have/ has + PP
 (-) S + haven’t/ hasn’t + PP
 (?) Have/ Has + S + PP?
 - Yes, S + have/ has
 - No, S + haven’t/ hasn’t
* Usage:
Chúng ta dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành để diễn tả:
- Hành động bắt đầu trong quá khứ, kéo dài đến hiện tại.
 Ex: I have learnt English for five years.
- Hành động vừa mới xảy ra.
Ex: She has just received a letter from her father. 
* Note: 
Adverbs of time are often used: just, already, for, since, ever, never, not.yet, so far, before, once, twice, three times, ..
Ex: I’ve collected plenty of information.
C. EXERCISES:
I. Choose the correct answers.
1. Another name for Wales is ..
A. Saxon B. Celtic C. Cymru D. Galle
2. You can see .. on the Canadian national flag.
A. the maple leaf B. the red lef C. the rose D. the oak tree
3. In 1893,  became the first country in the world to give all women the right to vote.
A. Canada B. New Zealand C. America D. singapore
4. . has a unique culture with traditions such as bagpipes, kilts and highland dancing.
A. England B. Wales C. Scotland D. Northern Ireland
5. The name “Australia” comes from the Latin word “australis”, meaning...
A. northern B. southern C. eastern D. western
6. The tallest mountain the US is Mt McKinley, located in the state of .. It reachs 20,320 feet (6,194m) above the sea level.
A. Alaska B. california C. Florida D. Washington
7. The Lord of the rings movies were filmed in ...
A. England B. Australia C. Canada D. New Zealand
8. Scotland only shares a border with .
A. Wales B. Northern Ireland C. England D. Britain 
9. The name Canada comes from the word ‘kanta’which means “settlement” or “ ..” in the language of the St Lawrence Iroquoians.
A. country B. village C. town D. nation
10. The word’s largest reef system, the Great Barrier Reef, .. is found off the north-eastern coast of 
A. Canada B. America C. New Zealand D. Australia
II. Complete the sentences with the simple present, present continuous or present perfect form of the verb in brackets.
1. Canada .. made up of 10 provinces and 3 territories. (be)
2. Australia  a range of different landscapes, including urban areas, mountain ranges, deserts and rain forest. (have)
3. Annually, the National Eisteddfod festival of Wales .. place for eight days at the start of August. (take)
4. The Statue of Liberty . over 12 million immigrants entering the USA through New York Harbor since 1900. (welcome).
5. Each of the 50 states ......... an official state flower so far. (adopt) 
6. Since 1965, the maple tree with the leaves .. the most well-known Canadian symbol. (become)
7. At present, the National Cherry Blossom festival . in washington D.C. to celebrate spring’s arrival. (occur)
8. Maori . Recognized as an official language of New Zealand since the maori language Act of 1987. (be)
9. The US population . faster in recent years because of a greater number of births than deaths. (grow) 
10. What are you doing now, George? – I .. a baseball game in Chicago in the USA. (watch)
III. Underline the correct verb form in brackets to complete the sentences:
1. John  for lunch with me today. (comes/ is coming)
2. John . for lunch with me every day. (comes/ is coming)
3. What time .. tomorrow? (is the bus leaving/ does the bus leave)
4. What time  tomorrow? (is he leaving/ has he left)
5. . for Ha Noi yet? – Not yet. (Is he leaving/ has he left)
6. My uncle .. to visit us next week. His train at 9 on Saturday morning. (comes/ is coming) – (is arriving/ arrives)
7. He . In Da Lat for ten years. He still lives there. (lives/ has lived)
8. What time ? . it then? (is the film starting/ does the film start) – (Are you watching/ Do you watch)
VI. Read the passage and do the tasks that follow:
 The Maori of New Zealand
 The Maori arrived in New Zealand from other Polynesian islands over a thousands years ago. They were the first people to live there. They made beautuful wooden buildings with pictures cut into the wood. There are about 280,ooo Maori today. Maori have brown skin, dark brown eyes, and wavy black hair.
 In 1840, they agreed to become a Bristish colony, and they learned European ways quikly. Today there are Maori in all kinds of jobs. They attend schools and universities and become lawyers and scientists. There are Maori in the government. Most of them live like the white new Zealanders.
 However, the Maori do not forget their traditions. Children learn the language, music, and old stories. They have yearly competitions in speaking, dancing, and singing. The Maori live a comfortable, modern life, but they keep their traditions by passing them to their children.
Task 1: Read the passage, and then decide whether the satements are true (T) or false (F).
1. The Maori are Polynesians. ...
2. New Zealand is an island country. 
3. The Maori look like the Chinese 
4. The Maori live only by hunting and fishing 
5. The Maori like music. 
Task 2: Read the passage again, and write short answers to the questions.
6. Where did the Maori comes from?
..
7. How many Maori are there?
..
8. What do the Maori look like?
..
9. How do most Maori live today?
..
10. What do they do at their yearly competitions?
.. 
V. Fill in each blank of the passage with the words in the box:
language the countries in at of and
 The English language is the most widely spoken language in the world. It is used as either first or second language  (1) many countries.
 During the 16thcentury, only about two million people spoke English. All ..(2) them lived in what is now the United Kingdom. Over the centuries, as a result of various historical events, English has spread throughout  (3) world. Today, about 400 million people speak English as their native .(4). Most of them live in Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, Ireland, New Zealand, South Africa, .. (5) the Unites States.
 About 100 million people, chiefly living in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and in many African  (6), speak English in addition to their own language. An additional 200 million people in the world problably know ..(7) least some English. English is really an international language.