Ngữ pháp và bài tập Tiếng Anh - Chuyên đề: Subject – Verb – Adverb - Adjective

Grammar
SUBJECT – VERB – ADVERB -ADJECTIVE
* Tooto
1. S + V+ too + adv + (for someone) + to do something.
Eg: He runs too fast for me to catch.
Eg: He ran too fast for me to follow.
Mary does the job too lazily to get salary
2.S + be + too + adj + (for someone) + to do something. (quá....để cho ai làm gì...)
Eg: She is too young to get married.
Eg This question is too difficult for me to answer.
Eg This structure is too easy for you/me to remember.
* So .. that..
3.S + V + so + adv + that +S + V 
4.S + be + so + adj + that +S + V(quá... đến nỗi mà...) 
Eg1: This box is so heavy that I cannot take it.
Eg 2: He speaks so softly that we can’t hear anything. 
* Such .that..
5. S + be + such + (a/an) +adj + N + that + S +V (quá... đến nỗi mà...)
E.g.1: It is such a heavy box that I cannot take it. 
Eg.2: They are such interesting books that I cannot ignore them at all.
* Enough to
6. S be adj + enough + (for someone) + to do something. 
7. S V Adv enough (for someone) + to do something (Đủ... cho ai đó làm gì...)
Eg.1: She is old enough to get married. 
Eg.2: They are intelligent enough for me to teach English.
8. S + have/ get + something + done (VpII) (nhờ ai hoặc thuê ai làm gì...)
Eg.1: I had my hair cut yesterday. 
Eg.2: I would like to have my shoes repaired.
9.It’s (high) time + S + V(ed, irr) 
10.It’s (high) time +for someone + to do something 
11.It’s (high) time to do something (đã đến lúc ai đó phải làm gì...)
E.g.1: It’s time you had a shower. 
E.g.2: It’s time (for me) to ask all of you for this question.
12.It + takes/took+ someone + amount of time + to do something(làm gì... mất bao nhiêu thời gian...)
E.g.1: It takes me 5 minutes to get to school. 
E.g.2: It took him 10 minutes to do this exercise yesterday.
S + prevent /stop + someone /something + from + V-ing (ngăn cản ai/cái gì... không làm gì..)
Eg.1: I can’t prevent him from smoking.
Eg.2: I can’t stop her from tearing.
14.S + find/found+ it+ adj to do something (thấy ... để làm gì...)
Eg.1: I find it very difficult to learn about English. 
Eg.2: They found it easy to overcome that problem.
15. S prefer Noun/V-ing to Noun/V-ing. (Thích cái gì/làm gì hơn cái gì/ làm gì)
Eg: I prefer dog to cat. 
Eg: I prefer reading books to watching TV.
16. S Would rather + V(inf) .. than +V(inf) (thích làm gì hơn làm gì)
Eg.1: She would rather play games than read books.
Eg.2: I’d rather learn English than learn Biology. 
17. S + be/get + Used to V-ing (quen làm gì)
Eg.1: I am used to eating with chopsticks. 
18. S Used to + V(infinitive) (Thường làm gì trong qk và bây giờ không làm nữa)
E.g.1: I used to go fishing with my friend when I was young.
E.g.2: She used to smoke 10 cigarettes a day.
19.S+ be amazed at = be surprised at + N/V-ing ( ngạc nhiên về....)
20.S+ be angry at + N/V-ing (tức giận về)
21.S + be good at/ bad at + N/ V-ing (giỏi về.../ kém về...)
I am good at playing piano.
I am bad at swimming.
22. by chance = by accident (adv)(tình cờ)
23.S be/get tired of + N/V-ing(mệt mỏi về...)
I get tired of learning English.
24. S + can’t stand/ can’t help/ can’t bear/ can’t resist + V-ing (không chịu được cái gì...)
My mother can’t stand seeing me at home.
25.S be keen on/ be fond of N/V-ing (thích làm gì đó...)
I am fond of watching TV.
I am keen on watching TV.
26.S be interested in + N/V-ing (quan tâm đến..)
27.S waste + time/ money + V-ing(tốn tiền hoặc thời gian làm gì)
Eg. I waste 15 minutes doing homework.
I waste 50.000vnd buying books.
28.S + spend amount of time/ money V-ing (dành bao nhiêu thời gian/tiền làm gì)
29.S spend + amount of time/ money + on + something (dành thời gian vào việc gì...)
Eg.1: I spend 2 hours reading books a day. 
Eg.2: She spent all of her money on clothes.
30.S give up + V-ing/N(từ bỏ làm gì/ cái gì...)
I give up smoking.
31.S would like/ want/wish + to do something (thích làm gì...)
32.S have + (something) to + Verb (có cái gì đó để làm)
I have some books to read.
33.It + be + something/ someone + that/ who... (chính...mà...) 
It is a book that I want to read.
34.S had better/should + V(infinitive)(nên làm gì....) 
You had better do exercises at home.
35. S hate/ like/ dislike/ enjoy/ avoid/ finish/ mind/ postpone/ practise/ consider/ delay/ deny/ suggest/ risk/ keep/ imagine/ fancy + V-ing 
Eg.1: I always practise ..English everyday.
A. speaking B. to speak C. spoke D. spoken
36.It’s + adj + to + V (infinitive) ( ..để làm gì)
37.Take place = happen = occur (xảy ra)
38.S be excited about (thích thú)
39. S be bored with/ fed up with(chán cái gì/làm gì)
40.There is + N-số ít, there are + N-số nhiều (có cái gì...)
There is a table in the room.
There are 40 pupils in the class.
41. S feel like + V-ing(cảm thấy ntn) 
42. S+ expect someone to do something (mong đợi ai làm gì...)
I expect my son .well.
A. to study
B. studying
C. studied
D. have studied
43. S advise someone to do something (khuyên ai làm gì...) 
I advise my son . hard.
A. to study
B. studying
C. studied
D. have studied
44.S go + V-ing (chỉ các trò tiêu khiển..) (go camping, go fishing, go shopping,)
45 leave someone alone(để ai yên...)
Please leave me alone.
46.By + V-ing (bằng cách làm...)
47. S want/ plan/ agree/ wish/ attempt/ decide/ demand/ expect/ mean/ offer/ prepare/ happen/ hesitate/ hope/ afford/ intend/ manage/ try/ learn/ pretend/ promise/ seem/ refuse + TO + V(infinitive)
Eg.1: I decide to study English.
48. for a long time = for years = for ages (đã nhiều năm rồi)(dùng trong thì hiện tại hoàn thành)
I have not met Lan for a long time.
49. When S V(ed, irr), S was/were V-ing.
When I came, she was reading books.
50. When + S + V(ed, irr), S + had + PII.
When I came, she had played tennis.
51. Before + S + V(ed, irr), S + had + PII
52. After + S + had + PII, S + V(ed, irr).
53. S be crowded with (rất đông cài gì đó...)
S be full of N/V_ING(đầy cài gì đó...)
The bag is full of money.
S tobe/ seem/ sound/ become/ feel/ appear/ look/ turn/ grow + Adjective 
except for/ apart from (ngoài trừ...)
as soon as (ngay sau khi)
S be afraid of (sợ cái gì..)
 hardly (hầu như không)( chú ý: hard khác hardly)
He hardly does exercises.
He does homework hard.
Have difficulty + V-ing (gặp khó khăn làm gì...)
I have difficulty doing sums.
I have difficulty learning English.
Chú ý: phân biệt 2 loại tính từ (V-ed) và (V-ing) dùng -ed để miêu tả về người, -ing cho vật. và khi muốn nói về bản chất của cả người và vật ta dùng -ing
Eg.1: That film is boring. 
Eg.2: He is bored. 
Eg.3: He is an interesting man. 
Eg.4: That book is an interesting one. 
(Khi đó không nên nhầm với –ed, chẳng hạn ta nói : a loved man có nghĩa “người đàn ông được mến mộ”, tức là có nghĩa “Bị” và “Được” ở đó)
62. in which = where; on/at which = when
63. Put up with + V-ing (chịu đựng...)
64. Make use of + N/ V-ing (tận dụng cái gì đó...)
65. Get + adj/VPII
66. Make progress(tiến bộ...)
67. Take over + N(đảm nhiệm cái gì...)
68. Bring about(mang lại)
Chú ý: so + adj còn such + N
69.At the end of và In the end(cuối cái gì đó và kết cục)
70.To find out(tìm ra),To succeed in (thành công trong...)
71.Go for a walk(đi dạo)/ go on holiday/picnic (đi nghỉ)
72.One of + so sánh hơn nhất + N(một trong những...)
73.It is the first/ second.../best + time + S have/has VPII o adv.(Thì hiện tại hoàn thành)
It is the first time I have eaten seafood.
74.	Live in(sống ở)
Live at + địa chỉ cụ thể
Live on (sống nhờ vào...)
75.To be fined for (bị phạt về)
76. from behind(từ phía sau...)
77. so that + mệnh đề(để....)
78. In case + mệnh đề(trong trường hợp...)
79. S can/ could/ may/ might/ will/ would/ shall/ should/ must/ ought to+ V“ infinitive without to”
80.Gerunds and Infinitives
V + V-ing
Appreciate
admit
Avoid
Can’t help
Can’t stand
Can’t bear
Consider
Deny
Dislike
Enjoy
Feel like
Finish
Give up
Imagine
Keep (on)
Look forward to
Mention
Object to
Practise
Put off
Risk
Suggest
Be/get used to
Be worth
V + to V(inf)
Afford: cè g¾ng
Appear: cã vÎ
Arrange: s¾p xÕp
Decide: quyÕt ®Þnh
Fail: thÊt b¹i
Forget: quªn
Happen: bÊt ngê
Intend: ®Þnh
Learn: biÕt
Manage: 
Mean: 
Offer: muèn
Plan: dù ®Þnh
Prepare: chuÈn bÞ 
Refuse: tõ chèi
Seem
Threaten: ®e do¹
Hope: hy väng
Expect: mong
Hesitate: ngÇn ng¹i
Agree: ®ång ý
Want: muèn
Attempt: cè g¾ng
Wish: muèn
Tend: ®Þnh
V + O + V(infinitive without to)
Make-made-made
Let- let- let
Have – had – had 
Hope –hoped -hoped
Catch- caught- caught
See – saw- seen
Watch - Watched- Watched
Feel-felt-felt
Find- found- found
Hear - Heard- Heard
Overhear- Overheard- Overheard
Observe - Observed- Observed
V + O + to V
Advise: khuyªn 
Allow: cho phÐp
Encourage: khuyÕn khÝch
Force: b¾t buéc
Invite: mêi
Order: ra lÖnh
Persuade: thuyÕt phôc
Remind: nh¾c nhë
Teach: d¹y
Tell: b¶o
Warn: c¶nh b¸o
Show: chØ b¶o
Command: yªu cÇu
Ask: yªu cÇu
Urge: b¾t buéc
 ......... ....The and..... ....