Giáo án Tiếng Anh 12 - Conditional sentences

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
Type 1: Real conditions in present or future
IF + S + V(s/es), S + WILL + Vinf
E.g.:	If I see her, I’ll give her your letter. If I finish my work early, I’ll meet you this evening.
Type 2: Unreal conditions in present
IF + S + Ved, S + Would + Vinf
E.g.:	If I knew the answer, I would tell you. What would you do if you were me?
Type 3: Unreal conditions in the past
IF + S + HAD + PP, S + WOULD + HAVE + PP
E.g.:	We would have called you if we had had your telephone number.
	If he had studied hard, he would have got good marks.
Note: UNLESS = IF … NOT
E.g.:	If I have time, I’ll help you. => Unless I have time, I won’t help you.
Other ways of making conditional sentences
- Whether (or not) = if/ if … not; But for = if not
E.g.: 	Whether he comes with us or not, we will go.
If you hadn’t helped us, we would have been in trouble.
	But for your help, we would have been in trouble.
- Otherwise = or if … not
E.g.: She was so busy. Otherwise she would have helped me.
- Provided that (miễn là), on the condition that (với điều kiện là), pretend that, supposing/ suppose… = if
E.g.: 	Suppose you won the lottery. What would you do first?
The money will be given to you on the condition that you promise to spend it wisely.
Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tenses
He (die)	if the surgeon hadn’t operated on him.
If ice (be)	heavier than water, it wouldn’t float.
If you had done as I told you, you (succeed)	.
If I make a promise, I (keep)	it.
If I followed his advice, I (be)	a fool.
You can go whether you (like)	.
If I see him, I (give)	him a gift.
If I had a typewriter, I (not be)	busy.
What you (do)	if you found a burglar in your house?
He might have understood you if you (speak)	more slowly.
If I (know)	that you were ill, I (go)	to see you.
We could have gone out if the weather (not be)	so bad.
They wouldn’t come to the party if you (not invite)	them.
What you (do)	if you (be)	him.
I (buy)	a new car if you lent me some money.
Exercise 2: Change these following sentences into conditional sentences.
1) He can’t go out because he has to study for his exam.
=> If
2) She is lazy so she can’t pass the exam.
If
3) He will pay me tonight; I will have enough money to buy a car.
=> If
4) He smokes too much; that’s why he can’t get rid of his cough.
=> If
5) She is very shy, so she doesn’t enjoy the party.
=> If
6) I will get a work permit. I will stay for another month.
=> If
7) He doesn’t take any exercises. He is so unhealthy
=> If
8) We can’t get the ticket because I don’t have the right change.
=> If
9) Study hard or you won’t pass the exam.
=> If
10) Don’t be impatient or you will make mistakes.
If
Exercise 3. Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences.
If I ……….a lot of money now, I …………..a new car.
a. have /will buy	b. have / would buy	c. had/ will buy	d. had/ would buy.
2. If I ……………you, I …………….do that.
a. am/ will	b. were /would	c. were/ will	d. had been/ would.
3. If I were offered the job, I think I ………. it.
a. take	b. will take	c. would take	d. would have taken.
4. I would be very surprised if he……………..
a. refuses	b. refused	c. had refused	d. would refuse.
5. Many people would be out of work if that factory………..down.
a. closes	b. had closed	c. closed	d. would close.
6. If she sold her car, she ………… much money.
a. gets	b. would get	c. will get	d. would have got.
7. They would be disappointed if we…………….
a. hadn’t come	b. wouldn’t come	c. don’t come	d. didn’t come.
8. Would John be angry if I ……. ……his bicycle without asking?
a. take	b. took	c. had taken	d. would take.
9. She ……….terrible upset if I lost this ring.
a. will be 	b. would be	c. were	d. had been.
10. If someone…………in here with a gun, I would be very frightened.
a. would walk	b. walks	c. had walked	d. walked.