Giáo án chuyên đề tiếng Anh - Phrases vs. clauses

PHẦN VII – PHRASES VS. CLAUSES
A. SUBORDINATE CLAUSES
1. The implication: Lèi nãi bao hµm- Lµ lèi nãi kÕt hîp 2 ý trong c©u l¹i lµm mét th«ng qua mét thµnh ng÷.
a. Not only ... but also (kh«ng nh÷ng ... mµ cßn) C¸c thµnh phÇn ®i sau 2 thµnh ng÷ nµy ph¶i t­¬ng ®­¬ng víi nhau vÒ mÆt ng÷ ph¸p, tøc lµ danh - danh, tÝnh tõ - tÝnh tõ...
not only _____, but also ____ = not only ____ , but _____ as well 
Hoặc:
Subject + not only + verb + but also + verb
L­u ý: Th«ng th­êng thµnh phÇn sau but also sÏ quyÕt ®Þnh thµnh phÇn sau not only.
Eg. 	He is not only handsome but also talented./ Beth plays not only the guitar but also the violin.
	 tÝnh tõ	 tÝnh tõ	 Danh tõ danh tõ
He writes not only correctly but also neatly./ Maria excels not only in mathematics but also in science.
 Adv adv	 Ng÷ giíi tõ	 ng÷ giíi tõ	
Paul Anka not only plays the piano but also composes music.
	 §éng tõ 	 ®éng tõ
b. As well as (còng nh­, còng nh­ lµ) C¸c thµnh phÇn ®i ®»ng tr­íc vµ ®»ng sau thµnh ng÷ nµy ph¶i t­¬ng ®­¬ng víi nhau vÒ mÆt tõ lo¹i theo c«ng thøc d­íi ®©y:
subject + verb + as well as + verb ...
Eg. 	Robert is talented as well as handsome./ Beth plays the guitar as well as the violin.
 TÝnh tõ tÝnh tõ ®anh tõ danh tõ
He writes correctly as well as neatly. / Marta excels in mathematics as well as in science.
 phã tõ phã tõ Ng÷ giíi tõ ng÷ giíi tõ
Paul Anka plays the piano as well as composes music.
 ®éng tõ ®éng tõ
L­u ý: Kh«ng ®­îc nhÇm lÉn thµnh ng÷ nµy víi as well as cña hiÖn t­îng ®ång chñ ng÷ mang nghÜa cïng víi. Nã ®i cïng víi c¸c thµnh phÇn ®»ng sau nã ®Ó t¹o thµnh 1 côm tõ, t¸ch ra khái mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh b»ng 2 dÊu phÈy vµ kh«ng ¶nh h­ëng g× ®Õn viÖc chia ®éng tõ.
Eg. 	The teacher, as well as her students, is going to the concert.
My cousins, as well as Tim, have a test tomorrow.
c. Both ... and ( c¶ ... lÉn ) C«ng thøc nµy dïng gièng hÖt nh­ tr­êng hîp Not only ... but also.
L­u ý: Both chØ ®­îc dïng víi and kh«ng ®­îc dïng víi as well as.
Eg. 	Robert is both talented and handsome./ Beth plays both the guitar and the violin.
 TÝnh tõ tÝnh tõ ®anh tõ danh tõ
He writes both correctly and neatly./ Marta excels both in mathematics and in science.
 phã tõ phã tõ Ng÷ giíi tõ ng÷ giíi tõ
Paul Anka both plays the piano and composes music.
 ®éng tõ ®éng tõ
2. The norminal clause: Mệnh đề danh từ (tương ứng như danh từ, có thể làm S, C, O trong câu)
a. That – clauses: Theo sau các động từ có ngụ ý giải thích với that, có thể đảo lên đầu câu làm chủ ngữ.
Eg. 	The reason she left was that she dissatisfied with her work. 
 = That she dissatisfied with her work was the reason she left. 
b. Wh – clauses: Đây là hình thái mệnh đề danh từ khá phổ biến, thường theo sau các ngoại động từ, ngoại động từ đa, đặc biệt ở cấu trúc câu gián tiếp.
Eg. 	He didn’t know what to do first. 	They told them how to deal with the problem.
	Ha asked where he was going.	She wanted to know what time the next train arrived.
c. Whether/ if – clauses: Dùng với cấu trúc câu hỏi nghi vấn ở câu gián tiếp.
	Eg. She asked if I could answer the phone. They wanted to know whether the train was any late.