Giáo án chuyên đề tiếng Anh - Adverbs (adv) trạng từ

IV. ADVERBS (ADV) TRẠNG TỪ
Kinds (Classification): phõn loại
1.1. Adv of manner: bravely/ haP.Pily/ quickly/ well/ …( She sings marvelously/ He worked very hard)
1.2. Adv of place: by/ down/ near/ here/ there/ … (She comes there twice a week/ Here comes the police)
1.3. Adv of time: now/ soon/ still/ today/ yet/…(We are going to Hanoi today/ He will return soon)
1.4. Adv of frequency: always/ once/ twice/…(We never eat dog-meat/ She once became the leader)
1.5. Adv of sentence: certainly/ definitely/ luckily/..( He was certainly the liar/ Luckily, she passed the exam)
1.6. Adv of degree: fairly/ hardly/ rather/ quite/ too/ …(He was quite handsome/ Hardly did we see anything)
1.7. Adv of interrogative: when/ where/ why/… (When did you go?/ Where is she now?)
1.8. Adv of relative: when/ where/ why (He came when we were watching T.V)
Same form with adjectives: tớnh từ và trạng từ cú chung hỡnh thức
back
deep*
direct*
early
Enough
little
straight
far
fast
hard*
high*
Ill
near*
well
just*
kindly
late*
left
wrong*
most*
right*
long
low
Much*
more*
short*
till
pretty
 Note: Adv* can either have “ly” or not, but differences in meanings.
Positions (Functions): vị trớ hay chức năng
3.1. Adv of manner: trạng từ chỉ thể cỏch
 Follow verbs: eg: He danced gracefully.
 Before pres or follow objects in “V + pre + O”: eg: He looked at me carefully. He looked carefully at me.
 Follow Subject: eg: He suspiciously tasted the soup.
 At the beginning or end: eg: Carefully he checks the suitcase. He checks the suitcase carefully.
3.2. Adv of time: trạng từ chỉ thời gian
 At the beginning or end of sentences: afterwards/ eventually/ lately/ now/ recently/ at once/ since then/ till/…
eg: He will returns soon. Today we will learn lesson two.
 Always at the end: before*/ early/ immediately*/ late (Adv* as conjunctions at the beginning) 
eg: He went to the church immediately. Immediately, he went to the church. 
 Follow verbs or “V + O”: yet/ still eg: He still lives in the suburb of the city.
 Split: just eg: He has just left the house.
3.3. Adv of place:
3.3.1. At the beginning or end: away/ everywhere/ nowhere/ somewhere/ here /there/
 eg: Nowhere could we find him. English is spoken everywhere.
3.3.2. Administration: here/ there eg: He lives here/ She hasn’t gone there.
3.4. Adv of frequency:
3.4.1. always/ continually/ frequently/ often/ once/ twice/ periodically/ repeatedly/ sometimes/ usually. 
 eg: She usually walks to school.
 3.4.2. Restricted (inversion): hardly ever/ never/ rarely/ scarcely ever/ seldom
 eg: Never will she eat this kind of food.
3.5. Inversion cases: cỏc trường hợp đảo ngữ
hardly…ever
hardly…when
in no circumstances
neither…nor
never 
no sooner…than
not only
not till
nowhere 
on no account
only by
only in this way
only then/ when
scarcely ever
scarcely…when
seldom/ so
* Phó từ đảo lên đầu câu
Trong tiếng Anh có những trường hợp phó từ không đứng ở vị trí bình thường của nó mà đảo lên đứng đầu câu nhằm nhấn mạnh vào hành động của chủ ngữ.
Trong trường hợp đó ngữ pháp có thay đổi, đằng sau phó từ đứng ở đầu câu là trợ động từ rồi mới đến chủ ngữ và động từ chính (công thức sau). 
hardly/ rarely/ seldom/ never/ only… + auxiliary + subject + verb ...
Eg. 	Never have so many people been unemployed as today.
 Phó từ trợ động từ chủ ngữ động từ
(so many people have never been unemployed as today.)
Hardly had he fallen asleep when he began to dream of far-away lands.
 Phó từ tđt chủ ngữ động từ
(He had hardly fallen asleep when he dream of far-away lands.)
Rarely have we seen such an effective actor as he has proven.
 Phó từ trợ động từ chủ ngữ động từ
(we have rarely seen such an effective actor as he has proven.)
Seldom does the class let out early.
 Phó từ trợ động từ chủ ngữ động từ
Only by hard work will we be able to accomplish this great task.
 Phó từ trợ động từ chủ ngữ động từ
(We will be able to accomplish this great task only by hard work.)
* Một số các phó từ đặc biệt đứng đầu câu
IN/ UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES : Dù trong hoàn cảnh nào cũng không.
Eg. 	In / under no circumstances should you lend him the money.
(dù trong bất cứ trường hợp nào anh cũng không nên cho nó vay tiền.)
ON NO ACCOUNT: Dù bất cứ lý do nào cũng không.
Eg. 	On no account must this switch be toughed. (dù với bất cứ lý do nào anh cũng không được động vào ổ cắm này)
SO + ADJ + AUXILIARY + S + V + THAT. .... đến nỗi mà ....
Eg. 	So difficult did she get a job that she had to stay home for an year.
(Cô ấy kiếm được việc làm một cách khó khăn đến nỗi cô ấy đã phải ngồi nhà 1 năm trời)
So sure of this were the owners that they provided lifeboats for only 950 of its possible 3,500 passengers. (Những người chủ của con tàu đã quá tin tưởng đến nỗi mà họ chỉ trang bị xuồng cứu đắm cho 950 trong số 3,500 hành khách mà con tàu có thể tải được - chích trong bài đọc về tàu Titanic). 
ONLY IN THIS WAY : Chỉ có bằng cách này.
Eg. 	Only in this way could you solve the problem.
(Chỉ có bằng cách này thì cậu mới giải được vấn đề hóc búa này.)
NAGATIVE, ... , NOR + AUXILIARY + S + V.... ( ... mà cũng chẳng/ mà cũng không ...)
Eg. 	He didn’t have any money, nor did he know anybody from whom he could borrow.
( Nó chẳng còn đồng nào cả mà nó cũng chẳng biết ai mà nó có thể hỏi vay.)
PRACTICE EXERCISE 5 – BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH 5
Choose one word or phrase marked A,B,C, or D that best complete the preceding sentence.
1. He is interested______ dancing.
A. at	B. in	C. by	D. of
2. My mother is fed ______ with doing the housework everyday.
A. up	B. of	C. on	D. in
3. Children enjoy ______ cartoons.
A. watch	B. watching	C. watched	D. to watch
4. I am afraid of ______ alone in dark.
A. being left	B. left	C. to be interested	D. interest
5. English people are ______ in playing football.
A. interested	B. interesting	C. to be interested	D. to be interesting
6. John hasn’t got a job. He has to live on______ benefit.
A. employ	 	B. employing	 	C. unemployment 	D. employment
7. She’s proud of her ______.
A. successful	 	B. success	 	C. succeed	 D. succeeded
8. Anna can’t get the job because there are too many ______ for it.
A. engineers	 	B. interviewers	 	C. applicants	 D. workers
9. There are many ______ ways to learn English vocabulary.
A. different	 	B. differences	 	C. differ	 D. differing
10. Nam stopped ______ two years ago.
A. smoking	 	 B. smoke	 	C. to smoke	 D. smoked
11. A ______ storm has swept a hundred of houses away.
A. strong	 	B. heavy	 	C. hard	 	D. long
12. My child would rather read books than ______ anything else.
A. doing	 	B. to do	 	C. did	 	 D. do
13. My friend doesn't like asking her mother ______ money.
A. to	 	B. in	 	 	C. for	 	D. with
14. Mrs. Lan ______ up being on a diet because it was not effective.
A. gives	 	B. giving	 	C. to give	 D. gave
15. Anna has just graduated from university. She wants to apply ______ a suitable job.
A. at	 	B. for	 	 	C. to	 	D. in
16. He is unemployment. He gets some unemployment ______
A. salary	 	 B. card	 	C. benefit	 	D. currency
17. A long walk makes every body ______.
A. tired	 	B. tiring	 	C. to tire	 	D. tire
18. My teacher is a ______ smoker. He smokes 30 cigarettes a day.
A. much	 	B. heavy	 	C. many	 	D. big
19. Her parents can't stand ______ her at home all day.
A. to see	 	B. see	 	 	C. seeing	 	D. seen
20. I am tired ______ watching the same program every day.
A. in	 	B. on	 	 	C. with	 	D. of
21. While she ______, the phone rang.
A. was cooking	 	B. cooked	 	C. cooking 	D. cook
22. My mother is used to ______ a speaker.
A. to be	 	 	B. being	 	C. have been 	 	D. been
23. She doesn't have time to go shopping because she's too ______ with her work
A. busy	 	B. bored	 	 	C. get up 	 	D. tired
24. His roof was broken by a ______ wind two weeks ago.
A. hard 	 	B. big	 	C. strong 	 	D. much
25. He has learned English for 4 years, and she is good ______ English now
A. by	 	 B. at 	 	C. for 	 	 	D. in
26. They have grown roses here______ 1990.
A. for	 	B. since	 	C. during 	 	D. in
27. You'll miss the train ______ you don't hurry up.
A. if	 	B. When	 	C. since 	 	D. unless
28. He is my ______ brother. But he looks younger than me
A. elder	 	B. older 	 	C. old 	 	D. young
29. It took me forty five minutes to ______ to office everyday
A. getting	 	B. get 	 	C. get 	 	 	D. got
30. I don't mind living ______ my own in a big city
A. with	 	B. by	 	C. at 	 	 	D. on
31. If you hear the fire ______, leave the building quickly.
 A. alarm	B. caution 	 C. notice D. publicity
32. She remembered the correct address only _______she had posted the letter.
 A. since	 	B. afterwards	 	C. following	 	D. after
33. Children enjoy ______ cartoon film .
	A. watch 	B. watching	C. watched	D. to watch
34. I am afraid of ______ alone in dark. 
	A. being left	B. left 	C. leaving 	D. to leave
35. Over the past two years the _______of living has risen considerably.
A. charge 	B. cost	C. rate	D. price
36. He told his father a long and _______story to explain his lateness.
	 A. inconceivable B. incredulous 	 C. unimaginable D. unconvincing
37. We need _______information before we can decide.
	 A. further 	B. furthest 	 C. far D. farther 
38. Women workers wear hats in _______their hair gets caught in the machinery.
 A. course	B. case 	 C. occasion D. event
39. There are many ______ ways to learn English vocabulary . 
	A. different	B. differences 	C. differ	D. differing
40. I don’t mind living______ my own in a big city.
	A. with	B. by 	C. at 	D. on
41. She was filling in the ______ form.
	A. applicant	B. application 	C. apply 	D. appliance
42. It was ______ to listen to the story .
	A. exciting 	B. excited	C. excite	D. excitement
43. My brother and my sister have many______.
	A. different 	B. difference 	C. differ	D. differences 
44. It was ______ to see my old friends again.
	A. surprised 	B. surprise	C. surprisingly 	D. surprising
45. Mr. Brown gave a long ______ about unemployment in Australia .
	A. lectures	B. lecturing	C. lectured	D. lecture
46. We had a ______ discussion about the news. 
	A. bore	B. boring	C. bored	D. boredom
47. She hates ______ her mother for money. 
	A. ask 	B. asking	C. asked	D. to ask
48. My sister is bored ______ washing the dishes.
	A. up 	B. on 	C. at 	D. with
49. She doesn’t like ______ cartoon film .
	A. to watch 	B. watch 	C. watching 	D. watches
50. During the trip to Ha Long, we ______ a lot of photos.
	A. took 	B. got 	C. made 	D. did