Bài tập Tiếng anh 9 - Chuyên đề: Mệnh đề chỉ sự nhượng bộ(Clause of Concession)

CLAUSES OF CONCESSION
(Mệnh Đề Chỉ Sự Nhượng Bộ)
1. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự nhượng bộ là mệnh đề phụ chỉ sự tương phản của hai hành động trong câu. Mệnh đề này thường được bắt đầu bằng các từ: although, though, even though.
Although / Though / Even though + S + V, S + V.
Eg: a) Although / though / Even though he tried very hard, he couldn’t lift the box up.
b) He was lazy. He passed the test.
-> Although he was lazy, he passed the test.
c) We had a picnic. The weather was bad.
-> We had a picnic though the weather was bad.
Mệnh đề chỉ sự nhượng bộ có thể được rút gọn thành cụm từ chỉ sự nhượng bộ bởi các giới từ : despite , in spite of 
 + noun phrase 
 Despite / In spite of + V.ing
 + the fact that + S + V
Eg: 
 - Despite/Inspite of her sadness, she managed to smiled.
 - Despite/In spite of being sad, she managed to smile.
 - We had a picnic in spite of the bad weather.
* Khi cả hai mệnh đề cùng một chủ ngữ ta có thể chuyển mệnh chính về dạng V.ing.
Cách biến đổi từ Although / though => despite / in spite of 
Nguyên tắc chung cần nhớ là :
Although/ though + mệnh đề
Despite / in spite of + noun/noun phrase/V+ING
Các công thức biến đổi từ mệnh đề sang cụm từ như sau:
1) Nếu chủ từ 2 mệnh đề giống nhau:
- Bỏ chủ từ ,động từ thêm ING .
Although Tom got up late, he got to school on time.
=> Despite / in spite of getting up late, Tom got to school on time.
2) Nếu chủ từ là danh từ + be + tính từ
- Đem tính từ đặt trứoc danh từ, bỏ to be 
Although the rain is heavy,.......
=> Despite / in spite of the heavy rain, ......
3) Nếu chủ từ là đại từ + be + tính từ :
- Đổi đại từ thành sỡ hửu ,đổi tính từ thành danh từ ,bỏ be 
Although He was sick,........
=> Despite / in spite of his sickness,.......
4) Nếu chủ từ là đại từ + động từ + trạng từ 
- Đổi đại từ thành sở hữu, động từ thành danh từ ,trạng từ thành tính từ đặt trước danh từ 
Although He behaved impolitely,.....
=> Despite / in spite of his impolite behavior ,.........
5) Nếu câu có dạng : there be + danh từ 
- Thì bỏ there be 
Although there was an accident ,.....
=> Despite / in spite of an accident,......
6) Nếu câu có dạng : It (be) + tính từ về thời tiết 
 Đổi tính từ thành danh từ thêm the phía trước.
Although it was rainy, .....
=> Despite / in spite of the rain, .
Các tính từ và danh từ thường gặp trong mẫu này là:
Foggy => fog  ( sương mù  )
Snowy => snow (tuyết)
Rainy => rain (mưa)
Stormy => storm ( bão)
7) Nếu câu có dạng: Danh từ + (be) + p.p   ( câu bị động)
=> Đổi p.p thành danh từ, thêm the phía trước và of phía sau, danh từ câu trên đem xuống để sau of
Although television was invented, .....
=> Despite / in spite of the invention of television, .
8  ) Phương pháp cuối cùng cũng là phương pháp dễ nhất : thêm the fact that trước mệnh đề.
Although he behaved impolitely,.....
=> Despite / in spite of the fact that he behaved impolitely,.....
Các công thức trên đây cũng áp dụng cho biến đổi từ BECAUSE -> BECAUSE OF
2. Practice
Ex 1: Choose the best answer
1.  .    the increase in their salaries, many French employees spend Saturday at work.
a. Despite               b. Even if                      c. Even though 	d. In spite
2.      _____ he is the boss, he does not find solutions to problems very easily.
a. Although                         b. In spite of                 c. Notwithstanding        d. Despite
3.      Even if _______, they had to continue practicing.
a. the players soreness                                           b. the players were sore
c. the fact that the players were sore            d. it was the players soreness
4.     Gannon was a high-performing midfield linkman in spite _______
a. of he was at his age         b. he was at his old age c. of his age                  d. his age
5 .Many Americans eat more food than they need, _______ they are harming their bodies and minds by making unhealthful food choices.
a. but                                  b. although                    c. though                      d. in spite of
6.      I have not finished that report yet despite _______.
a. of working overtime last night                  b. to work overtime last night
c. working overtime last night                      d. I worked overtime last night
7.      Although sales fell sharply last month, we are on target for the year.
a. Even though felling sharply in sales last month
b. In spite of there was a sharp fall in sales last month
c. Despite the sharp fall in sales last month
d. Even if falling sharply in sales last month.
8.      Though he was appointed to a higher promotion _______.
a. and he decided to quit his job.     b. but he still decided to quit his job
c. but he decided to quit his job       d. he decided to quit his job
9. Despite the increase in their salaries, 60 per cent of Japanese workers still spend Saturday at work.
a. In spite of their salaries are increased                   b. Although they has got the increase in their salaries
c. As their salaries have been increased                   d. Even though their increasing salary
10.  _______, he still went on working.
a. Tired as he was     b. Tired although he was    c. Even if his tiredness d. Despite he was tired
11.  _______ what I said last night, I still love you.
a. In spite                           b. Despite                     c. Even though d. Even if
12.  I didn’t get the job _______.
a. even as my qualifications             b. in spite of I had some qualifications
c. without my qualifications d. despite my qualifications
13.  Our new neighbors are quite nice _______ they are sometimes talkative.
a. despite                            b. in spite of the fact      c. though          d. as though
14.  _______ of the difficulty, they managed to climb to the top of the mountain.
a. In spite               b. Despite                     c. But                           d. Although
15.  In spite of his hard work, he could not finish the job.
a. As hard as he work  b. Despite he worked hard   c. Though he worked hard  d. Although hard work
16.  He went to work despite his headache.
a. nevertheless        b. due to           c. notwithstanding         d. because of
18.  Despite the fact that _______, we enjoyed our trip.
a. the weather is bad     b. it is a bad weather  c. the bad weather           d. the weather was bad
19.  Julie failed the exam _______ of working very hard.
a. despite                            b. in spite                      c. even if                                   d. though
20.  Tom went to work despite _______.
a. that he did not feel very well                    b. of the fact not feeling well
c. he did not feel very well               d. not feeling very well
Ex 1:
 1. a                 2. a      3. b                  4.c       5. a                  6.c       7.c       8.d       9.b                   10.a
11.b                 12.d     13.c                 14.a     15.c                 16.c     17.d     18.d     19.b                 20.d
Ex 2: Combine these sentences with using suggested words.
1. I got very wet in the rain. I took an umbrella with me (though)
2. He made all his efforts. He wasn’t successful. (although)
3. Peter often tells lies. Many people believe him. (even though)
4. His life is hard. He is determined to study well. (although)
5. I enjoyed the film. The story was silly. (even though)
6. I can’t play football. I like watching it very much. (although)
Ex 2: 
1. Though I took an umbrella with me I got very wet in the rain.
2. Although he made all his efforts, he wasn’t successful.
3. Even though Peter often tells lies, many people believe him.
4. Although, his life is hard, he is determined to study well.
5. Even though the story was silly I enjoyed the film.
6. Although I can’t play football, I like watching it very much.
Viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa:
Ex3: 1) Although Tom was a poor student, he studied very well.
=> In spite of
2) Mary could not go to school because she was sick.
ð Because of 
3) Although the weather was bad, she went to school on time.
=> Despite 
4) My mother told me to go to school although I was sick.
=> In spite of 
5) Because there was a big storm, I stayed at home.
=> Because of 
6) Tom was admitted to the university although his grades were bad.
ð Despite 
7) Although she has a physical handicap, she has become a successful woman.
=> Despite .
8) In spite of his god salary, Tom gave up his job.
=> Although.
9) Though he had not finished the paper, he went to sleep.
=> In spite of 
10) In spite of the high prices, my daughter insists on going to the movies.
=> Even though 
Viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa:
1) Although Tom was a poor student, he studied very well.
=> In spite of being a poor student, Tom studied very well
2) Mary could not go to school because she was sick.
ð Because of being sick, Mary couldn’t go to school 
3) Although the weather was bad, she went to school on time.
=> Despite the bad weather, she went to school on time
4) My mother told me to go to school although I was sick.
=> In spite of my sickness, my mother told me to go to school
5) Because there was a big storm, I stayed at home.
=> Because of a big storm, I stayed at home
6) Tom was admitted to the university although his grades were bad.
ð Despite Tom’s bad grade, he was admitted to the university
7) Although she has a physical handicap, she has become a successful woman.
=> Despite her physical handicap, she has become a successful woman
8) In spite of his good salary, Tom gave up his job.
=> Although Tom got a good salary, he gave up his job
9) Though he had not finished the paper, he went to sleep.
=> In spite of having not finished the paper, he went to sleep
10) In spite of the high prices, my daughter insists on going to the movies.
=> Even though the prices are high, my daughter insists on going to the movies
EX4 
1) Many people began to wearing jeans because they were cheap.
=> Because of..
2 ) Since he was careless, Tom lost the game.
=> Because of..
3) Although she behaves well, no one loves her.
Despite..
4) Because of the cold weather, the crops are late this year.
=> Because ..
5) Mary was worried because Tom was late.
=> Because of..
6) Tom walked slowly because his leg was bad.
=> Because of..
7) I came here because I want the English course.
=> Because of..
8) I went to school although it was hot.
Despite..
9) Because the dust in the room, I can’t go in.
=> Because of..
10) Because of too much smoke, We have to wear masks .
=> Because .. 1) Many people began to wearing jeans because they were cheap.
=> Because of the cheapness of jeans, many people began to wearing them
2 ) Since he was careless, Tom lost the game.
=> Because of Tom’s carelessness, he lost the game
3) Although she behaves well, no one loves her.
=> Despite her good behavior, no one loves her
4) Because of the cold weather, the crops are late this year.
=> Because the weather is cold, the crops are late this year
5) Mary was worried because Tom was late.
=> Because of Tom’s lateness, Mary was worried
6) Tom walked slowly because his leg was bad.
=> Because of Tom’s bad leg, he walked slowly
7) I came here because I want the English course.
=> Because of wanting the English course, I came here
8) I went to school although it was hot.
=> Despite the hot weather, I went to school
9) Because of the dust in the room, I can’t go in.
=> Because there is the dust in the room, I can’t go in.
10) Because of too much smoke, we have to wear masks .
=> Because there is a lot of smoke, we have to wear masks