Bài tập Tiếng anh 10 - Unit 10: Conservation

UNIT 10: CONSERVATION
A. MULTIPLE CHOICES:
I/ Choose the word whose underlined part has a different pronunciation from the others in each group:
1/ A. conservation	B. nation	C. mention	D. question
2/ A. medicine	B. protect	C. species	D. never
3/ A. variety	B. pattern	C. vary	D. back
4/ A. painted	B. protested	C. fetched	D. eroded
5/ A. pollute	B. develop	C. constant	D. provide
6/ A. must	B. natural	C. hunt	D. fun
7/ A. scientist	B. million	C. police	D. medical
8/ A. sorry	B. monthly	C. sky	D. usually
9/ A. cups	B. photos	C. failures	D. always
10/ A. teach	B. much	C. school	D. choice
II/ Choose the word whose main stress is placed differently from the others in each group:
1/ A. vegetation	B. eliminate	C. disappearance	D. intonation
2/ A. photo	B. rapid	C. pattern	D. about
3/ A. environment	B. understanding	C. population	D. conservation
4/ A. impossibly	B. especially	C. naturally	D. importantly
5/ A. medical	B. pollutant	C. imprison	D. protective
6/ A. conserve	B. disease	C. wildlife	D. expand
7/ A. illness	B. slowly	C. spoken	D. police
8/ A. correction	B. motorway	C. addition	D. erosion
9/ A. damage	B. pollute	C. defense 	D. erode
10/ A. power	B. autumn	C. allow	D. order
VII/ Find the one mistake (A, B, C or D) in these sentences and then correct them:
1/ (A) Because of her father (B) has been (C) seriously ill, she (D) can’t go to the meeting.
2/ (A) Though Linh was (B) not good at (C) playing badminton, she managed (D) to win her opponents.
3/ He (A) is known that (B) these questions are (C) so difficult that he (D) can’t answer them.
4/ (A) This water isn’t (B) warm enough for the (C) young boys (D) to swim.
5/ Last week (A) unless my mother (B) had had (C) enough money, she (D) would have bought that toy for me.
6/ We (A) remember that (B) last time Vinh (C) wore those jeans (D) was at Khoa’s birthday party.
7/ (A) It often takes me about (B) fifteen minutes (C) to go to work from here (D) by foot.
8/ We’re sure that (A) it was not (B) until (C) fifth year that he (D) could speak Chinese well.
9/ It’s said that (A) huge progress (B) has been made in lots of fields of science (C) in the last (D) few years.
10/ People say (A) that it is (B) such polluted air that they (C) can’t breath, (D) don’t they?
VIII/ Read the following passage carefully, and then select the best option A, B, C or D to complete it:
Conservation, sustainable use and protection of (1) _______ resources including plants, animals, mineral deposits, soils, clean (2) _______, clean air, and fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Natural (3) _______ are grouped into two categories, renewable and nonrenewable. A (4) _______ resource is one that may be replaced over time by natural processes, (5) _______ fish populations or natural vegetation, or is inexhaustible, such as (6) _______ energy. The goal of renewable resource conservation is to ensure (7) _______ such resources are not consumed faster than they are (8) _______. Nonrenewable resources are those in limited supply that cannot be replaced (9) ______ can be replaced only over extremely long (10) _______ of time. Nonrenewable resources include fossil fuels and mineral deposits, such as (11) _______ ore and gold ore. Conservation activities for nonrenewable resources focus (12) _______ maintaining an adequate supply of these resources well into the future. 
Natural resources are conserved for their biological, economic, and recreational values, (13) _______ their natural beauty and importance to local cultures. (14) _______, tropical rain forests are protected for their important role in both global ecology and the economic livelihood of the local culture; a coral reef may be (15) _______ for its recreational value for scuba divers; and a scenic river may be protected for its natural beauty....
New vocabulary:
- sustainable (adj.): có thể chống đỡ được, có thể chứng minh được
- renewable (adj.): có thể phục hồi lại, có thể đổi mới
- inexhaustible (adj.): vô tận; không mệt mỏi
- ore (n.): quặng
- recreational (adj.): có tính chất giải trí, tiêu khiển
- ecology (n.): sinh thái học
- livelihood (n.): cách sinh nhai, sinh kế
1/	A. national	B. international	C. natural	D. lively
2/	A. lakes	B. stones	C. sand	D. water
3/	A. resources	B. gases	C. fuels	D. plants
4/	A. renewable	B. nonrenewable	C. new	D. modern
5/	A. such	B. such as 	C. as	D. like
6/	A. solar 	B. earthly	C. lunar	D. polar
7/	A. it	B. which	C. that	D. what
8/	A. installed	B. put	C. placed	D. replaced
9/	A. and	B. but	C. or	D. so
10/	A. ways	B. periods	C. spaces	D. steps
11/	A. iron	B. water	C. metal	D. gold
12/	A. in	B. on	C. at	D. by
13/	A. like	B. also	C. and	D. as well as
14/	A. However	B. Nevertheless	C. For example	D. In fact
15/	A. killed	B. protected	C. fed	D. left
B. USE OF ENGLISH:
II/ Fill each gap with a suitable word from the list below:
eroded, audience, policy, imprisoned, constantly, eliminated, variety, clean-up, figures, spread
1/ He's _______ changing his mind.
2/ The fire _______ very rapidly because of the strong wind.
3/ The secret to public speaking is to get the _______ on your side.
4/ There are several reclining _______ in the painting.
5/ Wind and rain have _______ the statues into shapeless lumps of stone.
6/ Residents have called for a _______ campaign to keep their streets free from rubbish.
7/ They believe that the European Community needs a common foreign and security _______.
8/ When preparing meals, you need to think about _______ and taste as well as nutritional value.
9/ He was _______ in 1965 for attempted murder.
10/ We _______ the possibility that it could have been an accident.
IV/ Change the sentences below into passive voice:
1/ The cat ate a fish.
2/ Children look after their old grandparents.
3/ I saw a nice girl at the party last night.
4/ Do you like toys?
5/ We drink milk every morning.
6/ She’s cleaning the floor now.
7/ She will solve the problem soon.
8/ We’re doing our homework at the moment.
9/ Were you learning your lesson at 7 pm last night?
10/ They’ve just finished their work.
V/ Change the sentences below into active voice:
1/ The tree is being planted in the garden by her father now.
2/ A small house has just been built here by the builders.
3/ The book was written by that famous author.
4/ You will be helped by your teacher.
5/ A rat is being chased by my cat.
6/ We are taught English by Mr. Nguyen.
7/ The lesson is now being explained by Ms. Hoa.
8/ A big hole was dug in the yard by her brother.
9/ Milk will be made by the waitress.
10/ A small package was sent to me last week.
VI/ Use the active or passive form to complete this passage:
Conservation, sustainable use and protection of natural resources (1- include) _______ plants, animals, mineral deposits, soils, clean water, clean air, and fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Natural resources (2- group) _______ into two categories, renewable and nonrenewable. A renewable resource (3- be) _______ one that (4- may replace) _______ over time by natural processes, such as fish populations or natural vegetation, or (5- be) _______ inexhaustible, such as solar energy. The goal of renewable resource conservation (6- be/ ensure) _______ that such resources (7- not consume) _______ faster than they (8- replace) _______. Nonrenewable resources (9- be) _______ those in limited supply that (10- cannot replace or can replace) _______ only over extremely long periods of time. Nonrenewable resources (11- include) _______ fossil fuels and mineral deposits, such as iron ore and gold ore. Conservation activities for nonrenewable resources (12- focus) _______ on maintaining an adequate supply of these resources well into the future.
VII/ Complete the sentences using the words given in brackets, beginning as shown:
1/ “Why don’t you wait for me at the park, Thanh?” said Linh. (Thanh)
→ Linh suggested ____________________________________ at the park.
2/ “Although she overslept, Mai wasn’t late for school.” (up)
→ Despite _______________________ on time, Mai wasn’t late for school.
3/ We haven’t eaten food like this before. (time)
→ This is the ____________________________________ this sort of food.
4/ After a long chase, the police finally succeeded in arresting the thief. (to)
→ After a long chase, ___________________________________ the thief.
5/ Dung was supposed to write to her pen friend yesterday. (ought)
→ Dung _______________________________ to her pen friend yesterday.
6/ Your handwriting is so small that I can hardly read it. (such)
→ You ______________________________________ I can hardly read it.
7/ Someone has to pick them up from the airport. (up)
→ They ________________________________________ from the airport.
8/ I wish I hadn’t told her what we were planning to do this morning. (regret)
→ I ___________________________________________ for this morning.
9/ We were surprised to see Long leave the room. (surprise)
→ To ___________________________________________ the room early.
10/ All the witnesses said that the accident was his fault. (blame)
→ All the witnesses said ______________________________ the accident.
VIII/ Read the passage below carefully, and then choose the best answer:
Conservation conflicts arise when natural-resource shortages develop in the face of steadily increasing demands from a growing human population. Controversy frequently surrounds how a resource should be used, or allocated, and for whom. For example, a river may supply water for agricultural irrigation, habitat for fish, and water-generated electricity for a factory. Farmers, fishers, and industry leaders vie for unrestricted access to this river, but such freedom could destroy the resource, and conservation methods are necessary to protect the river for future use. 
Conflicts worsen when a natural resource crosses political boundaries. For example, the headwaters, or source, of a major river may be located in a different country than the country through which the river flows. There is no guarantee that the river source will be protected to accommodate resource needs downstream. In addition, the way in which one natural resource is managed has a direct effect upon other natural resources. Cutting down a forest near a river, for instance, increases erosion, the wearing away of topsoil, and can lead to flooding. Eroded soil and silt cloud the river and adversely affect many organisms such as fish and important aquatic plants that require clean, clear freshwater for survival.
New vocabulary:
- controversy (n.): sự tranh luận, sự tranh cải
- to allocate (v.): chỉ định; cấp cho; phân phối
- to vie (v.): ganh đua, thi đua
- headwater (n.): thượng nguồn, thượng lưư; (pl.) nước nguồn
- silt (n.): bùn, phù sa; (adj.): đầy bùn
- adverse (adj.): đối nghịch; bất lợi
1/ What does “arise” in line 1 mean?
	A. stand up	B. sit up	C. get up	D. spring up
2/ What does “supply” in line 4 mean?
	A. cover	B. provide	C. make up for	D. compensate for
3/ What does “methods” in line 7 mean?
	A. plans	B. orders	C. ways	D. structures
4/ Which word in the reading means “a promise that something will be done or will happen, especially a written promise by a company to repair or change a product that develops a fault within a particular period of time”?
	A. guarantee	B. shortage	C. population	D. habitat
5/ Which word in the reading means “living or growing in, happening in, or connected with water”?
	A. necessary	B. major	C. fresh	D. aquatic
6/ When do conflicts decline?
	A. when natural-resource shortages increase in the features of gradually increasing demands from a rising human population
	B. when a natural resource crosses political borders
	C. when freedom could destroy the resource
	D. when eroded soil and silt cloud affect many organisms 
7/ What may bring water to agricultural irrigation?
	A. a river 	B. topsoil	C. erosion	D. a forest
8/ Which sentence below is not correct?
	A. Argument often surrounds how a source should be used, or allocated, and for whom.
	B. A river may provide water for agricultural irrigation, habitat for fish, and water-generated electricity for a factory.
	C. Conservation methods are incidental to care for the river for future use. 
	D. Farmers, fishers, and industry leaders vie for open access to this river.
9/ Which sentence below is true?
	A. Conflicts improve when a natural resource crosses political borders. 
	B. The source of a main river may be located in the country through which the river flows than a different country. 
	C. There is assurance that the river source will be confined to provide accommodation for resource needs downstream.
	D. The way where one ordinary source is managed has a direct effect upon other ordinary sources. 
10/ What is the passage above mainly about?
	A. Natural-resource shortages 
	B. Agricultural irrigation
	C. The headwaters of a major river 
	D. Conservation conflicts