Tài liệu ôn tập GCSE - Writing: Sentence transformation

c” Mike replied. (direct ® indirect)
® Mike said that 
19. It took Jane three hours to sort out her stamps. (It take-s + O+ tg + to V= S + spend-t+ tg + V-ing)
® Jane spent ..
20. That scientific discovery was so important that it has affected every man’s way of life. (so/ such)
® That was such 
21. He was given a chance to stay on at this garage. (passive ® active)
® They 
22. They said that he had left Paris secretly in his private car. ( say/think/ believe/ suppose/ report)
® He 
23. We’ve never talked to an interesting person like you before. (inversions)
® Never before 
24. They cancelled the flight because it was foggy. (Because + S V ® Because of N phrase)
® Because of 
25. Because the traffic is heavy, I sometimes come to my office late. (Because ® Because of)
® Because of ..
26. I’m sorry I missed your birthday party. (5 wish structures)
® I wish ..
27. “You’d better put your money in the bank”, I told Jane. (direct ® indirect)
® I advise 
28. He prefers golf to tennis. (prefer+N+to+N=rather+N+than+N)
® He’d rather .
29. It is necessary to master English. (V_ing+ is+adj=It is adj+to V)
® Mastering 
30. He spent two hours writing the essay. (It take-s + O+ tg + to V= S + spend-t+ tg + V-ing)
® It took .
31. He is too young to ride a motorbike. (too adj to V ® adj enough to V)
® He isn’t ..
32. The bag was so heavy that she couldn’t carry it upstairs.
® The bag was too 
33. He expects to hear from her as soon as possible. (expect to V = look forward to V-ing)
® He is looking forward 
34. Her mother said, “Try to learn your lesson carefully, Lan”. (direct ® indirect)
® Lan’s mother told 
35. He never does his homework. (inversions)
® Never ...
36. The children like to walk in the rain. (like to V=enjoy V-ing)
® The children enjoy ..
37. The children couldn’t go swimming because the sea was rough. (too adj to V)
® The sea was too 
38. Who does this bicycle belong to? (Who belong to?=Whose + N + be?)
® Whose ..?
39. We learned this after a long time. (take +O+ time + to V)
® It took ...
40. I’ll lend you the book, but you must promise to return it next week. (conditional sentences)
® If ...
41. The car is too expensive for him to buy. (too adj to V ® enough adj to V/ so adj that)
® He isn’t ..
42. Would you close the door, please? (Would you V=Would you mind +V-ing)
® Would you mind .?
43. They didn’t allow us to smoke in here. (allow + O + to V=let + O +V)
® They didn’t let .
44. The thief forced the bank manager to lie on the ground. (force + O + to V= make + O + V)
® The thief made 
45. He has studied English for six years. (have/has +Vp2for./since.= began to Vago/ in)
® He began ..
46. They have considered me as their great friend. (active ® passive)
® I ..
47. She looked after her old mother at home. (active ® passive)
® Her old mother 
48. They are growing trees round their school to make a fence. (active ® passive)
® Trees ..
49. We have to pay attention to lessons. (active ® passive)
® Lessons .
50. I didn’t have enough money, so I couldn’t go to Australia. (so ® because)
® Because ..
Exercise 2. Rewrite each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the original sentence.
He is too young to go to school.
He is very young, so ___________________________________________________________
The test was so long that I couldn’t finish it in an hour.
Because of ___________________________________________________________________
Because the test _______________________________________________________________
Because the weather was awful, we had to cancel our picnic.
If it hadn’t been for ____________________________________________________________
Nga went to bed early because she was very tired after her trip.
Nga was very tired after her trip, __________________________________________________
He practices running every day because he wants to be a good runner.
In order to ____________________________________________________________________
She was ill, so she went to bed early.
Owing to _____________________________________________________________________
She couldn’t read the books because of not having enough time.
Because _____________________________________________________________________
He left school because of his hard life.
As his life ___________________________________________________________________
She can’t work hard because of her age.
Her age prevents ______________________________________________________________
I couldn’t see anything since it was very dark.
It was _______________________________________________________________________
Nam failed the exam because of his laziness.
Nam’s laziness made ___________________________________________________________
We spend the whole day in the garden because of lovely weather.
Because ______________________________________________________________________
Nobody can do this test because of its difficulty.
Because ______________________________________________________________________
The road is narrow, so two cars can’t pass each other.
Because of ____________________________________________________________________
He talks so much in class. He can’t understand the lessons.
If ___________________________________________________________________________
The chair is so heavy that he can’t move it.
It is such______________________________________________________________________
He had a light breakfast and then went to work.
After ________________________________________________________________________
I can’t go to her wedding because I am not arrived.
If___________________________________________________________________________
The test is so difficult that I can’t finish it on time.
If___________________________________________________________________________
The test is too _________________________________________________________________
The test isn’t __________________________________________________________________
I can’t________________________________________________________________________
The test is very difficult, ________________________________________________________
He is too short to play basketball.
He isn’t______________________________________________________________________
He is so______________________________________________________________________
If he________________________________________________________________________
Tom was very lazy. He passed the final exam as well.
Though_______________________________________________________________________
He tried hard but he wasn’t successful.
Although______________________________________________________________________
In spite of______________________________________________________________________
Nam will pass the exam because he studies hard.
Because of_____________________________________________________________________
As her mother was very sick, she couldn’t come to the meeting.
Because of_____________________________________________________________________
Her mother was very sick,_________________ _______________________________________
Although it rained heavily, we went to the concert last night.
Despite ________________________________________________________________________
Lan is very tired but she has to finish her homework before going to bed.
Lan is very tired. ________________________________________________________________
He ran to the station because he wanted to catch the train.
In order _______________________________________________________________________
He ran to the station so ___________________________________________________________
The boy turned the radio so that he could listen to the football news.
So as to _______________________________________________________________________
She walked slowly because her leg was injured.
Because of ____________________________________________________________________
The children came to school in time despite the heavy rain.
Although it ____________________________________________________________________
John is very poor, so he can’t buy a bike for himself.
If ____________________________________________________________________________
I’ll call the police if you don’t leave me alone.
Unless ________________________________________________________________________
We didn’t go to the concert last night because we were busy.
If we _________________________________________________________________________
My mother has already watched this movie.
This movie ____________________________________________________________________
Ba didn’t review his lessons carefully, so he failed the 1st term exam.
If Ba_________________________________________________________________________
Because he worked hard, he is loved by his employer.
Because of_____________________________________________________________________
She said, “I moved to this city five week ago”
She said that ___________________________________________________________________
We began learning English five years ago.
We have ______________________________________________________________________
Although he is old, he is very strong.
In spite of_____________________________________________________________________
I am very busy. I can’t go to the cinema with you tonight.
If I __________________________________________________________________________
I didn’t know you were coming Hanoi. That’s why I went on holiday.
If ___________________________________________________________________________
Mother entered the room quietly. She didn’t want to wake up her baby.
In order_______________________________________________________________________
We didn’t recognize him until he came into light.
It was________________________________________________________________________
Not until______________________________________________________________________
I didn’t know how to use a computer until I was teen.
It was not _____________________________________________________________________
Not till________________________________________________________________________
He didn’t hurry, so he missed the train.
If ____________________________________________________________________________
My brother didn’t leave the car keys, so I couldn’t pick him up at the station.
If my brother___________________________________________________________________
He plays the guitar for a small group so that he can earn some extra money.
To ___________________________________________________________________________
Henry left before we reached the hotel.
By the time____________________________________________________________________
It’s a long time since I last went to the movie theater.
I haven’t______________________________________________________________________
“Why don’t you put better lock on the door, Barbara”? said John.
 	John suggested_______________________________________________________________
Although his both legs were broken in the crash, he managed to get out of the car before it exploded.
Despite his__________________________________________________________________
I haven’t eaten this kind of food before.
This is the first_______________________________________________________________
The architect has drawn plans for an extension to the house.
 	Plans______________________________________________________________________
It isn’t necessary for you to finish by Saturday
You_______________________________________________________________________
“How many survivors are there?”, asked the journalist.
The journalist wanted to know__________________________________________________
It was such rotten meat that it had to be thrown away.
 	The meat was_______________________________________________________________
It is essential that Professor Van Helsing is met at the airport
 	Professor Van Helsing________________________________________________________
You can’t visit the USA unless you have a visa.
 	If you_____________________________________________________________________
“Can I borrow your typewriter, Janet”? asked Peter.
 	Peter asked if_______________________________________________________________
She started working as a secretary five years ago.
 	She has____________________________________________________________________
She knows a lot more about it than I do.
 	I don’t know________________________________________________________________
My French friend finds driving on the left difficult
 	My French friend isn’t________________________________________________________
They think the owner of the house is abroad.
 	The owner__________________________________________________________________
We didn’t go on holiday because we did not have enough money
 	If we______________________________________________________________________
The children couldn’t go swimming because the sea was rough. 
 The sea was too_____________________________________________________________
The mechanic serviced my car last week
 	I_________________________________________________________________________
I’m always nervous when I travel by air.
 	Travelling_________________________________________________________________
He couldn’t afford to buy the car,
 	The car___________________________________________________________________
“Why don’t you put your luggage under the seat?” he asked
He suggested_______________________________________________________________
Although he had a good salary, he was unhappy in his job.
 	 In spite of__________________________________________________________________
I’m sorry I missed your birthday party.
 	 I wish_____________________________________________________________________
They haven’t cleaned the streets this week.
 	The streets__________________________________________________________________
Apples are usually cheaper than oranges.
 	Apple are not________________________________________________________________
I advice you to put your money in the bank.
 	You’d______________________________________________________________________
That restaurant is so dirty that no one wants to eat there.
 	 It is such___________________________________________________________________
I’ll pick the children up if you like.
 	Would you__________________________________________________________________
He objected to the fact that his secretary came to work late
 	 He was annoyed_____________________________________________________________
Tom is the most industrious pupil.
 	No other pupil_______________________________________________________________
She isn’t accustomed to life in London
 	 She’s not used to_____________________________________________________________
“Don’t forget to phone the office,” she told him.
 	She reminded________________________________________________________________
I’m afraid I haven’t got time to listen to you.
 	I wish______________________________________________________________________
The police have just released John.
 	John_______________________________________________________________________
I couldn’t hear them because they were speaking too softly
 	They were speaking___________________________________________________________
We spent 5 hours getting to London.
 	It took_____________________________________________________________________
I get to work in 20 minutes.
 	It ________________________________________________________________________
It is necessary that this work be finished by Monday.
 	This work__________________________________________________________________
It’s a pity I didn’t take my doctor’s advice.
 	I wish_____________________________________________________________________
The bread is so tale we can’t eat it.
 	The bread isn’t_____________________________________________________________
Who does this bag belong to?
 	Whose____________________________________________________________________
My boyfriend is very short-tempered.
 	My boyfriend loses___________________________________________________________
You can use it as long as you like, and it won’t wear out.
 	No matter__________________________________________________________________
If the work is finished by lunchtime you can go home.
 	Get_______________________________________________________________________
How have you been getting on with your enquiries?
 	How much__________________________________________________________________
I gave Ted the massage, but he already knew about it
 	 I needn’t___________________________________________________________________
The trains couldn’t run because of the snow.
 	The snow___________________________________________________________________
I didn’t arrive in time to see him.
 	I wasn’t early________________________________________________________________
 I’m sorry I was rude to you yesterday.
 	I apologize__________________________________________________________________
 She didn’t hurry, so she missed the train.
 	If__________________________________________________________________________
 Barbara is the best tennis-player in the club.
 	No one_____________________________________________________________________
 I haven’t seen that man here before.
 	It’s________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 2. Rewrite each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the original sentence.
 The furniture was so expensive that I didn’t buy it.
 	The furniture was too...
 The robbers made the bank manager hand over on the money.
 	The bank manager...
 Tom learned to drive when he was nineteen.
 	Tom has....
 She had never been so unhappy before.
 	She was unhappier..
 It was so late that nothing could be done.
 	 It was too....
 He left school and then joined the army.
 	After ....
The leak was repaired by the plumber this morning.
 	The plumber ..
This flower is very beautiful!
 	How ..!
 Somebody stole his watch yesterday.
 	His watch ...
 The last time she had a swim was five years ago.
 	 She hasn't ..
 I asked the hotel porter to wake me at 8 o’clock the following morning.
 	“Please....
 They’ll have to change the date of the meeting again.
 	The date...
 The garage is going to repair the car for us next week.
 	We are going .
The bus take s longer than the train.
 	The train..
 John has not had his hair cut for over six months.
 	 It is..
 Maria says she’d like to have been put in a higher class.
 	Maria wishes..
 Would you like me to finish the work tonight?
 	 I’ll....
 You may get hungry on the train, so take some sandwiches.
 	In...
 My husband didn’t leave the car keys, so I couldn’t pick him up at the station.
 	If my husband....
 “I don’t think John will come”, said Bill.
 	Bill doubted...
 The postman was bitten by our dog.
 	Our dog..
 We couldn’t drive because of the fog. 
 	The fog prevented.
 Although his leg was broken he managed to get out of the car.
 	In spite...
 The cake was so hard so I couldn’t cat it.
 	 It was....
 We didn’t go because it rained. 
 	 If it hadn’t....
 I can’t cook as well as my mother does.
 	My mother.....
 I don’t suppose you have change for a pound, do you?
 	Do you happen.
 He failed to win the race.
 	He didn’t...
 Mary rang hours and hours ago.
 	It’s hours.
 I’m sorry that I didn’t finish my homework last night.
 	I wish...
 She asked Michael how she liked her new dress.
 	“How....
 A train leaves at 8 o’clock every morning.
 	There is....
 Nobody can deny that she has a beautiful voice.
 	It.
 I would like you t help me to put the chairs away.
 	Do you mind.
 The child will die if nobody sends for a doctor.
 	Unless 
 He would prefer you to pay him immediately.
 	He’d rather..
 The water was