Giáo án English Khối 9 - Unit 8:Exercises Relative Clauses (Mệnh đề quan hệ) - Năm học 2020-2021 - Trường THCS Huỳnh Văn Nghệ

quan hệ quan hệ xác định.
Trường hợp phải dùng that: sau một danh từ hỗn hợp (vừa chỉ người, vừa chỉ vật hoặc đồ vật). khi danh từ đi trước bao gồm cả người và vật.
Eg: We can see a lot of people and cattle that are going to the field
* Các trường hợp thường dùng “that”:
- khi đi sau các hình thức so sánh nhất: all, every, very, only:
Eg: - He was the most interesting person that I have ever met.
 - It was the first time that I heard of it.
- These books are all that my sister left me.
- She talked about the people and places that she had visited.
 - This is the most beautiful dress that I have.
-All that is mine is yours.
-You are the only person that can help us.
 - Trong cấu trúc It + be +  + that  (chính là )
Ex: It is my friend that wrote this sentence.  (Chính là bạn tôi đã viết câu này.)
- khi đi sau các từ: only, the first, the last.
- khi đi sau các đại từ bất định, đại từ phủ định, đại từ chỉ số lượng: no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anything, anybody, someone, something, somebody, all, some, any, little, none.  
Eg: I’ll tell you something that is very interesting.
* Các trường hợp không dùng that:
- trong mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định
- sau giới từ
Trước và sau mệnh đề này phải có dấu (,). Trường hợp này ta KHÔNG ĐƯỢC dùng từ “that” thay thế cho who, whom, which và không được bỏ đại từ quan hệ trong mệnh đề này.
Eg 1: My father is a doctor. He is fifty years old ➨ My father, who is fifty years old, is a doctor.
Eg 2: Mr Brown is a very nice teacher. We studied English with him. ➨ Mr Brown, who(m) we studied English with, is a very nice teacher.
5. WHOSE: dùng để chỉ sở hữu cho danh từ chỉ người hoặc vật, thường thay cho các từ: her, his, their, its hoặc hình thức ‘s (of which) 
..N (person, thing) + WHOSE + N + V .
 Eg: 	I met a boy. His brother is the same age as me. 
 ->I met a boy [whose brother is the age as me].
II. Các trạng từ quan hệ
1. WHY: mở đầu cho mệnh đề quan hệ chỉ lý do, thường thay cho cụm “for the reason, for that reason” lý do, vì sao
..N (reason) + WHY + S + V 
Eg: I don’t know the reason. You didn’t go to school for that reason.
→ I don’t know the reason [why you didn’t go to school].
2. WHERE: thay thế từ chỉ nơi chốn, thường thay cho there, có các động từ như ‘stay, was born, live, ’
.N (place) + WHERE + S + V .
(WHERE = ON / IN / AT + WHICH)
Eg: a/ The hotel wasn’t very clean. We stayed at that hotel.
→ The hotel [where we stayed] wasn’t very clean.
→ The hotel [at which we stayed] wasn’t very clean.
3. WHEN: thay thế từ chỉ thời gian, thường thay cho từ then, the day, the year, the time,
.N (time) + WHEN + S + V 
(WHEN = ON / IN / AT + WHICH)
Eg: 1. Do you still remember the day? We first met on that day.
→ Do you still remember the day [when we first met]?
→ Do you still remember the day [on which we first met]?
 2.I don’t know the time. She will come back then. 
→ I don’t know the time [when she will come back].
III. Các loại Mệnh đề quan hệ: 
Có hai loại mệnh đề quan hệ: mệnh đề quan hệ xác định và mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định.
Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định (Defining relative clause): là mệnh đề được dùng để xác định danh từ đứng trước nó. Mệnh đề xác định là mệnh đề cần thiết cho ý nghĩa của câu, không có nó câu sẽ không đủ nghĩa. Nó được sử dụng khi danh từ là danh từ không xác định và không dùng dấu phẩy ngăn cách nó với mệnh đề chính.
Mệnh đề quan hệ không hạn định (Non-defining relative clause): là mệnh đề cung cấp thêm thông tin về một người, một vật hoặc một sự việc đã được xác định. Mệnh đề không xác định là mệnh đề không nhất thiết phải có trong câu, không có nó câu vẫn đủ nghĩa. Nó được sử dụng khi danh từ là danh từ xác định (tên riêng, this, that)và được ngăn cách với mệnh đề chính bằng một hoặc hai dấu phẩy (,) hay dấu gạch ngang (-)
Eg: Dalat, which I visited last summer, is very beautiful. (Non-defining relative clause)
Note: để biết khi nào dùng mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định, ta lưu ý các điểm sau:
- Khi danh từ mà nó bổ nghĩa là một danh từ riêng
- Khi danh từ mà nó bổ nghĩa là một tính từ sở hữu (my, his, her, their)
- Khi danh từ mà nó bổ nghĩa la một danh từ đi với this , that, these, those
IV. Một số lưu ý trong mệnh đề quan hệ
1. Nếu trong mệnh đề quan hệ có giới từ thì giới từ có thể đặt trước hoặc sau mệnh đề quan hệ (chỉ áp dụng với whom và which.)
Eg: Mr. Brown is a nice teacher. We studied with him last year.
→ Mr. Brown, with whom we studied last year, is a nice teacher.
→ Mr. Brown, whom we studied with last year, is a nice teacher.
2. Có thể dùng which thay cho cả mệnh đề đứng trước.
Eg: She can’t come to my birthday party. That makes me sad. → She can’t come to my birthday party, which makes me sad.
3. Ở vị trí túc từ, whom có thể được thay bằng who.
Eg: I’d like to talk to the man whom / who I met at your birthday party.
4. Trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác định, chúng ta có thể bỏ các đại từ quan hệ làm túc từ:whom, which.
Eg: The girl you met yesterday is my close friend. The book you lent me was very interesting.
5. Các cụm từ chỉ số lượng some of, both of, all of, neither of, many of, none of  có thể được dùng trước whom, which và whose.
Eg: I have two sisters, both of whom are students. She tried on three dresses, none of which fitted her.
V. Cách rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ: (nâng cao)
1. Mệnh đề quan hệ được rút thành cụm phân từ:
Mệnh đề quan hệ chứa các đại từ quan hệ làm chủ từ who, which, that có thể được rút gọn thành cụm hiện tại phân từ (V-ing) hoặc quá khứ phân từ (V3/ed).
* Nếu mệnh đề quan hệ là mệnh đề chủ động thì rút thành cụm hiện tại phân từ (V-ing).
a/ The man who is standing over there is my father.
 → The man standing over there is my father.
b/ The couple who live next door to me are professors. → The couple living next door to me are professors.
* Nếu mệnh đề quan hệ là mệnh đề bị động thì rút thành cụm quá khứ phân từ (V3/ed). Ví dụ:
a/ The instructions that are given on the front page are very important. → The instructions given on the front page are very important.
b/ The book which was bought by my mother is interesting. → The book bought by my mother is interesting.
2. Mệnh đề quan hệ được rút thành cụm động từ nguyên mẫu: (nâng cao)
Mệnh đề quan hệ được rút thành cụm động từ nguyên mẫu (To-infinitive) khi trước đại từ quan hệ có các cụm từ: the first, the second, the last, the only hoặchình thức so sánh bậc nhất. 
Eg: 	a/ John was the last person that got the news. 
→ John was the last person to get the news.
b/ He was the best player that we admire. 
→   He was the best player to be admired.
c/ He was the second man who was killed in this way. 
→   He was the second man to be killed in this way.
BẢNG ĐẠI TỪ VÀ TRẠNG TỪ LIÊN HỆ
Đại từ quan hệ
Cách sử dụng
Ví dụ
who
Làm chủ ngữ, đại diện ngôi người, thay thế cho danh từ chỉ người.
I told you about the woman who (she) lives next door.
which
Làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ, đại diện ngôi đồ vật, động vật, thay thế cho danh từ chỉ vật.
Bổ sung cho cả câu đứng trước nó
Do you see the cat which (it) is lying on the roof?
He couldn’t read which surprised me.
whose=of which 
Chỉ sở hữu cho người và vật thay thế cho đại từ sở hữu ( her, his, và sở hữu cách:‘s)
Do you know the boy whose (his) mother is a nurse?
whom
Đại diện cho tân ngữ chỉ người, thay thế cho các tân ngữ đại từ (hẻ, him, them, it) khi sau cá giới từ
I was invited by the professor whom (him) I met at the conference.
that
Đại diện cho chủ ngữ chỉ người, vật, đặc biệt trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác định (who, which vẫn có thê sử dụng được)
I don’t like the table that (it) stands in the kitchen.
where
WHERE = ON / IN / AT + WHICH
Thay thế từ chỉ nơi chốn, thường thay cho there, có các động từ như: stay, was born, live, 
→ The hotel where we stayed wasn’t very clean.
→ The hotel at which we stayed wasn’t very clean.
when 
WHEN = ON / IN / AT + WHICH
Thay thế cho: then, the day, the year,
→ Do you still remember the day when we first met?
→ Do you still remember the day on which we first met?
why
...N (reason) + WHY + S + V 
for the reason, for that reason.
I don’t know the reason. You didn’t go to school for that reason.
→ I don’t know the reason why you didn’t go to school.
RELATIVE CLAUSES
A. Put in WHO / WHICH :
I met a woman who.. can speak six languages.
What’s the name of the man .. lives next door?
What’s the name of the river . goes through the town?
Everybody  went to the party enjoyed it very much.
Do you know anybody .. want to buy a car?
Where is the picture . was on the wall?
She always asks me questions . are difficult to answer.
I have a friend . is very good at repairing cars.
A coffee-maker is a machine  makes coffee.
Why does he always wear clothes .. are too small for him?
B. Complete the conversation using WHO, WHICH, WHOSE or WHERE:
Simon:	Hi Nigel! Where did you go on holiday?
Nigel:	I went to Greece where .. I had a nice time.
Simon:	Did you see anything exciting?
Nigel:	Yes. I went to the Acropolis, . is very famous. I also went to the place the first Olympic Games were held. 
Simon:	Did you meet anyone interesting there?
Nigel:	Yes. I met a girl .. was from England. She knew a Greek family... lived in Athens and she took me to meet them. They were a very rich and kind family . friendliness made me feel very welcome.
Simon: 	It sounds like you enjoyed yourself!
Nigel: 	Yes, it’s a place . I would like to go back.
C. Fill in the blanks with WHO, WHICH or WHOSE:
He arrived with a friend ______ waited outside in the car.
The man ______ mobile was ringing did not know what to do.
The car ______ the robbers escaped in was a BMW.
The woman ______ daughter was crying tried to calm her down.
The postman ______ works in the village is very old.
The family ______ car was stolen last week is the Smiths.
The cowboy ______ is wearing a red shirt looks very funny.
A bus is a big car ______ carries lost of people.
The volunteers, ______ enthusiasm was obvious, finished the work quickly.
Children ______ like music are often good at mathematics.
The engineers ______ designed the building received an award.
The girl ______ recited the poem is my niece.
The townspeople, ______ pride in their community is well- known, raised enough money to build a new town hall.
The Pacific Ocean, ______ might have been crossed by raft during the Stone Age, is the world's largest ocean.
The newspaper to ______ we subscribe is delivered regularly.
D. Complete the sentences with WHO / WHICH / WHERE / WHOSE:
 My friend (1).. took me to a restaurant works in a big shop (2) sells expensive shoes. The restaurant (3). we had lunch was very modern. The food (4) .. they served was excellent. The waiters (5).. shirts were silk were always busy with the customers (6) wallets were full of money.
 The table (7) we had was near a window, so we could see the cars (8).
were parked by the rich customers outside the restaurant. They were being watched by a young man in uniform.
 After we had finished the meals, the waiter (9)my friend called came with a small silver box (10). he had already put the bill in. When my friend took the bill out of the box, he opened his eyes in surprise because he had never had to pay so much money before.
E. Fill in the correct RELATIVE PRONOUN: WHO, WHICH, WHOSE, WHOM
Did you see the man  WHO  stole her bag?
The eggs . you’ve bought are bad.
Please give me the keys . are on the table.
Is that man .. we saw in the park yesterday?
What’s the name of the lady .. babysits for you?
Tom is playing with the dog . lives next door.
Have you eaten all the cakes . I made yesterday?
How old is the man . owns this shop?
Let’s all look at the picture  is on page 7.
Has Peter returned the money  he borrowed from you?
What color is the dress .. you’re going to wear tonight?
The police have arrested the man  murdered his wife.
The parcel . is on the table is your birthday present.
Have you met the man . Jackie is going to marry?
We will ask the man  delivers our milk to leave an extra bottle.
Is she the person  gave you this record?
We spent our holiday in a small town . is near the sea.
The man  married Kate is a millionaire.
Where are the shoes . I bought this morning?
I still write to that lady . I met twenty years ago.
F: Choose the most suitable word to complete sentence.
 1. My friend,Jack,(that, who, whose) parents live in Glasgow, invited me to spend Christmas in Scotland.
2. Here’s the computer program (that, whom, whose) I told you about.
3. I don’t believe the story (that, who, whom) she told us.
4. Peter comes from Witney,(that, who, which) is near Oxford.
5. This is the gun with (that, whom, which) the murder was committed.
6. Is this the person (who, which, whose) you asked me about.
7. Have you received the parcel (whom, whose, which) we sent you?
8. That’s the girl (that, who, whose) brother sits next to me.
9. The meal,(that, which, whose) wasn’t very tasty, was expensive.
10. We didn’t enjoy the play (that, who, whose) we went to see.
11. She gives her children everything (that, what, who) they want.
12. Tell me (what, that, which) you want and I’ll have you.
13.The reason (why, that, what) I phoned him was to invite him to party.
14. I don’t like people (who, whom, whose) never stops talking.
15. The day (which, that, when) they arrived was Sunday.
16. Ann,(whose, who, whom) children are at school all day is trying to get a job.
G. Choose the best answere:
1/ We'd like to buy a house_______ overlooks West lake.
A.who	 B.whose	C.where	D.which
2/ The woman _______ daughter Jack loves is very kind.
A.whose	 B.who	C.whom	D.which
3/ The letter _______ she received this morning is from the USA.
A.who	B.whose	C.whom	D.which
4/ I don't know the girl _______ is wearing a long blue dress.
A.whom	B.whose	C.which	D.who
5/ The police are asking the man _______ car has been stolen.
A.whom	B.whose	C.which	D.that
6/ Spring is the time _______ many kinds of flowers blossom.
A.who	B.where	C.which	D.when
7/ English is the subject _______ she is good at.
A.what	B.which	C.where	 D.who
8/ He went to the sport club _______ he first met his wife.
A.which	B.who	C.where	D.whose
9/ He will never forget the day _______ his mother died.
A.which	B.who	C.where	D.when
10/ The man _______ my sister loves is very intelligent.
A.which	B.whom	C.whose	D.when
H. Make one sentence from two. Use WHO / THAT / WHICH
A girl is now in hospital. She was injured in the accident.
A girl who was injured in the accident is now in hospital
A man told me you were away. He answered the phone.
.
A waitress was very impolite and impatient. She served us.
.
A building was destroyed in the fire. It has now been rebuilt.
.
A bus goes to the airport. It runs every half hour.
.
I saw the man. He closed the door.
.
The girl is happy. She won the race.
.
The student is from China. He sits next to me.
.
We are studying sentences. They contain adjective clauses.
.
The taxi driver was friendly. He took me to the airport.
.
The woman was polite. She answered the phone.
.
The man has a good voice. He sang at the concert.
.
We enjoyed the actors. They played the leading roles.
.
The girl is hurt. She fell down the stairs.
.
The student is in my class. He is walking with Ann.
..
The police caught the thief. He stole the money.
..
Is the river very large? It flows through that town.
.
There is a new house in our neighborhood. It has a swimming pool.
The man is at the bus stop. He fixed our refrigerator.
Who are those students? They are talking to Mrs. Hinton.
This is the package. It came in the mail today.
I like the songs. They tell about life in the country.
I. Combine the following sentences using WHERE or WHEN:
Here is the shop. I bought my new camera form this shop.
We will spend our holiday in the same village. We have had a lot of joyful days there so far.
.. .
We enjoyed Margaric. We spent our summer holiday there this year.
.. .
The library is quite far from the city center. I go and work there twice a month.
 .
I’ll never forget the day. I met my wife on this day.
 .
I’m looking forward to the Fifteenth of next month. I’ll get married then.
. .
Do you know the restaurant? We will meet you there tomorrow.
. .
John visited me last Friday. A few other friends also called me up last Friday.
. .
Last week I went to see the country town. I used to live in that town.
. .
Avant is a beautiful place. There are many lakes there.
. .
J. Join the sentences using WHO, WHEN, WHERE, WHICH or WHOSE:
She’s the girl. She works in the library.
Corfu is an island. It has many beautiful beaches.
Here’s the alarm clock. I bought it yesterday.
I’ve spoken to John. His house was burgled last Monday.
That’s the lady. Her jewelry was stolen.
That is the radio. I won it in the competition.
John is the man. His house was destroyed by the fire.
There is the hospital. I was born there.
That was the summer. I met my wife then.
That is Fiona Webb. She is a famous dancer.
France is the country. The best wine is produced there.
1945 was the year. The Second World War ended then.
That’s the hotel. I stayed there last summer.
August is the month. Most people go on holiday then.
K. Combine the sentences using RELATIVE PRONOUNS:
Bob bought the car from a man. The man was the owner of the gallery.
.
The teacher asked me a question. It was taken from a story book.
.
Have you employed the man? I recommend him to you last week.
.
The book was very interesting. I borrowed it from the library yesterday.
.
The girls are my classmates. We saw them at the cinema.
..
Alex took the gun out of his pocket. He saw the robbers running down the street.
..
The students missed the quiz. They came to class late.
..
The flowers are still fresh. I picked them up this morning.
..
There was a garden here. It was full of green trees. Now there are only two trees.
(Relative Clause / Used to)
..
They played basketball at home. They broke the vase. It was very valuable.
(While / Relative Clause)
..
Gerry works for a company. It makes typewriter.
..
This is Mrs. Green. Her daughter got married to a drummer.
..
That man is an artist. I forgot his name.
.. 
L. Join these sentences using suitable RELATIVE PRONOUNS:
We have a neighbour. His dog barks a lot.
I don’t know most of the people. You invited them for the party.
My cousin is a journalist. Her job is interesting.
That’s the parcel. It came in the mail.
Do you know the man? I asked him the address.
The boy is the travel agent. He is checking the tickets.
The gardener’s wife has just had her third baby. She has been married for six years.
The horse came in last. You were telling me about it.
I can’t remember the town. I was born there.
I apologized to the woman. I spilt her coffee.
Did you mail the letters? They were on my table.
The man teaches at the university. You met his daughter last night.
We’re studying science. It helps us to find out a lot about the world around us.
The man was very rich. He left a big tip for the waiter.
The subject interested everyone. You wrote about it last week.
Mrs. Fox belongs to an organization. It assistant hospitals.
You should go to Dr. Anderson. He’ll give you a common exam.
We met a girl. Her name was unusual.
.
The story can’t possibly be true. He told it to us.
.
Did you buy the dress? It was very smart and expensive.
.
That’s the dog. It can understand everything.
.
My friend invited a lot of visitors. His house is very large.
.
The bus was very crowded. I took it this morning.
.
My girlfriend is very beautiful. Her eyes are green.
Bring me the books. I forgot them on my table.
M. Combine These Pairs Of Sentences Using Relative Pronouns:
1. The first boy has just moved. He knows the truth.
................................................ .. 
2. I don't remember the man. You said you met him at the