Giáo án chuyên đề tiếng Anh - Phrases and clauses of result

G. PHRASES AND CLAUSES OF RESULT
1. Phrase of result: Thường dựng với “TOO”/ “ENOUGH” theo cấu trỳc sau:
S + be (look/ seem/ get/ become/…) + too ADJ (for O) + to V
S + V + too ADV (for O) + to V
Eg. He is too short to play football./ He ran too slowly to become the winner of the race.
Lưu ý: “TOO” mang hàm ý phủ định “quỏ…khụng thể’ nhưng “ENOUGH” lại cú nghĩa “đủ…để”
S + be + ADJ enough (for O) + to V hay S + V + ADV enough (for O) + to V
Eg. She ớn’t old enough to drive a car. / He spoke English well enough to be an enterpreter.
2. Clause of result:
S + verb + so that / in order that + S + verb
Lưu ý: Mặc dù trong văn nói có thể chấp nhận không có that nhưng trong văn viết buộc phải có that.
He studied very hard so that he could pass the test. (nó đã học rất chăm chỉ để có thể qua được kỳ thi)
She is sending the package early so that it will arrive in time for her sister’s birthday.
Damien is practicing the guitar so that he can play for the dance.
I am learning German so that I will be able to speak it when I go to Austria next summer.
Susan drove to Miami instead of flying so that she could save money.
Will you let me know about the party so that I can make plans to attend? 
3. Cause and effect: Những cấu trúc sau đây được sử dụng để chỉ mối quan hệ nhân quả.
Subject + verb + so + adj/ adv + that + S + verb
Lưu ý: Không sử dụng một danh từ sau so. Còn muốn dùng danh từ thì xem các cấu trúc dưới đây.
The soprano sang so well that she received a standing ovation.
Terry ran so fast that he broke the previous speed record.
Judy worked so diligently that she received an increase in salary.
The soup tastes so good that every one will ask for more.
The little boy looks so unhappy that we all feel sorry for him.
The students had behaved so badly that he was dismissed from the class.
3. Các cấu trúc chứa các bổ ngữ cường độ:
S + verb + so + few/ many + dt đ2 số nhiều + that + S + verb
Eg. 	The Smiths had so many children that they formed their own baseball team.
I had so few job offers that it wasn’t difficult to select one.
S + verb + so + much/ little + dt không đ2 + that + S + verb
He has invested so much money in the project that he cannot abandon it now.
The grass received so little water that it turned brown in the heat.
S + verb + such + a + adjective + dt đ2 số ít + that ...
S + verb + so + adjective + a + dt đ2 số ít + that ...
Lưu ý: Such + a + adjec tive thường được dùng nhiều hơn trong 2 cấu trúc trên.
It was such a hot day that we decided to stay indoors/ It was so hot a day that we decided to stay indoors.
It was such an interesting book that he couldn’t put it down/ It was so interesting a book that he couldn’t put it down.
S + verb + such + adjective + N đếm được số nhiều/ N khụng đđ+ that + S+ verb
Eg.	She has such exceptional abilities that everyone is jealous of her.
 	 dt đếm được số nhiều
They are such beautiful pictures that everybody will want one.
 	 dt đếm được số nhiều
Perry has had such bad luck that he’s decided not to gamble.
 	 dt không đếm được
This is such difficult homework that I will never finish it.
 	 dt không đếm được Lưu ý: Ta không thể sử dụng so trong cấu trúc trên.
4. Phân tích nghĩa của các cấu trúc trên.
Eg. 	It has been such a long time since I’ve seen him that I’m not sure if I will remember him
( Tôi không biết liệu tôi có nhận được ra nó không vì đã lâu lắm rồi tôi không gặp nó.)
Nguyên nhân: It has been a long time.	Kết quả : I’m not sure if I will remember him.
He has so heavy a work load that it is difficult for him to travel.
( Thật là khó đối với anh ta trong chuyện đi du lịch bởi vì anh ta có nhiều công việc phải làm.)
Nguyên nhân: He has a very heavy work load.	Kết quả : It is difficult for him to travel.
Peter has such long fingers that he should play the piano.
(Peter nên chơi đàn Piano bởi vì nó có những ngón tay dài.)
Nguyên nhân: Peter has such long fingers.	Kết quả : He should play the piano.
Professor Sands gives such interesting lectures that his classes are never boring.
(các giờ học của giáo sư Sands chẳng bao giờ buồn tẻ bởi vì ông ấy thường đưa ra những bài giảng hết sức thú vị.)
Nguyên nhân: Professor Sands gives very interesting lectures. Kết quả : His classes are never boring.
This is such tasty ice cream that I’ll have another helping.	(Tôi sẽ gọi một suất kem nữa vì nó rất ngon.)	Nguyên nhân: The ice cream is very tasty.	Kết quả : I’ll have another helpin