Giáo án chuyên đề tiếng Anh - Phần V: Tenses Ôn tập về ngữ pháp

PHẦN V - TENSES – ÔN TẬP VỀ NGỮ PHÁP
The simple present tense:
The form
(+) S + V
(-) S + don’t/ doesn’t + V
(?) Do/ Does + S + V?
The usage: - To denote actions that happened repeatedly. (She never comes late)
 - To denote long lasting events.(We live in Concord street)
 - To denote a true fact. (The earth moves around the Sun)
The recognition: - now/ nowadays/ today/ this summer/… - always/ usually/ often/ sometimes/ occasionally/… - the proof of constant truth.
Notes: - To denote a plan/ prediction/ timetables/… (The train leaves at 9.00)
 - The division of “be”, “have”, “can, may, must”,…
 II. The present progressive tense:
The form: 
(+) S + am/ are/ is + V-ING
(-) S + am/ are/ is + not + V-ING
(?) Am/ Are/ Is + S + V-ING?
The usage: - To denote happening actions at the time of speaking. (She is teaching Maths) 
 - To denote the intention/ prediction/ plan/…(She is coming soon)
The recognition: - now/ right now/ at present/ at this time/ at this moment/…
 - follow a command, request,…
Notes: - The ING-forms ( getting, running, having, writing, dying, lying,…)
 - The omission of the verbs of awareness or sensation as: be/ see/ hear/ understand/ know/ like/ want/ glance/ feel/ think/ smell/ love/ hate/ realize/ seem/ remember/ forget/…( use the simple present instead )
 III. The present perfect tense:
1. The form: 
(+) S + have/ has + P.P (P2)
(-) S + haven’t/ hasn’t + P.P (P2)
(?) Have/ Has + S + P.P (P2)
The usage: - To denote actions that happened in the past but having results, relating, or still happening at present. (We have lived here since 1990)
 - To denote actions that happened right before the time of speaking, using “just”. 
 (She has just come from New York)
 - To denote unfulfilled actions with “yet”. (He hasn’t come yet)
 - To denote past actions; no certain time expression, using “already”. (We have already seen that film)
The recognition: - just = recently = lately. - ever/ never (comments)
 - already/ yet/ since/ for/ so far/ until now/ up to now (present).
Notes: - Past participles: (regular verbs adding “ed”./ irregular verbs “learn by heart”)
 - The differences between the present perfect and the simple past tense.
 - The present perfect progressive is used to denote past actions “happening”, or “will happen. The tense is often related to the verbs: live/ learn/ wait/ work/ study/… →“S + have/ has + been + V-ING” 
 IV. The simple past tense:
The form: (pV = the past form of verbs)
(+) S + pV
(-) S + didn’t + V
(?) Did + S + V?
The usage: - To denote a finished past action. (We went to the park together)
 - To report past events, past habits, or long lasting action in the past. 
 (She did all the work yesterday./ We used to sit next to each other.)
The recognition: - last week/ month/ year/… - yesterday/ ago/ in 1969/ in the past/…
Notes: - The past form of the verbs: ( regular “V-ED”/ irregular (2nd column in the irregular verbs list))
 - “ED” pronunciation /id/; /t/; /d/. 
 V. The past progressive tense:
The form: 
(+) S + was/ were + V-ING
(-) S + was/ were + not + V-ING
(?) Was/ Were + S + V-ING?
The usage: - To denote past happening actions. (She was watching T.V at 8.00 last night) 
 - To denote past interrupting actions. (She was watching T.V when I came)
The recognition: - at 8.00 last night/ at that time/ at that moment/…
 - time clause with “when”, “while = as”.
 Notes: - actions that alternatively happened, use the simple past only. (When I heard a knock at the
 door, I came to open it. When I opened the door, I saw my mum.)- this is a timed action.
 VI. The past perfect tense:
The form: 
(+) S + had + P.P (P2)
(-) S + had not (hadn’t) + P.P (P2)
(?) Had + S + P.P (P2)?
The usage: - To denote past finished actions that happened and finished before a certain point of time or another past event (the past of the past tense). e.g: She had sold all the baskets before 9.00 yesterday. She had sold all the baskets when we came there yesterday.
The recognition: - when-clause/ after/ before/ already/ since/ for/…
 - The past perfect progressive “S + had been + V-ING”
 VII. The simple future tense:
 1. The form: 
(+) S + will/ shall + V
(-) S + will/ shall + V
(?) Will/ Shall + S + V?
 - “shall” is restrictedly used only for I/We with the formal senses.
 - The negative forms “will not = won’t”, “shall not = shan’t”.
 2. The usage: - To denote future actions. (They will build more hospitals)
 - To denote future plan/ idea/ timetable/…(The car will start in-time)
 3. The recognition: - someday, tomorrow,…/ - next week/ month/ year/.. 
 4. Notes: “ shan’t” is not used in conditional sentences./ “ shall” is used as a suggestion/ invitation/…. 
VIII. Various forms of the future tenses:
The future progressive tense:
1.1. The form: 
(+) S + will be + V-ING
(-) S + won’t be + V-ING
(?) Will + S + be + V-ING?
1.2. The usage: - To denote timetables/ intentions/ plans/… using “at”.
 e.g: She will be watching T.V at 8.00 tonight./ We will be staying at REX hotel at 5.00 next Sunday’s morning.
 - To show the future happening actions with “when”. Eg. She will be sitting at the gate when we come tomorrow.
The future perfect tense:
2.1. The form: 
(+) S + will have + P.P (P2)
(-) S + won’t have + P.P (P2)
(?) Will + S + have + P.P?
2.2. The usage: - To denote planned actions with “by”, “by the time”, “by then”.
 e.g: She will have finished the course by the next Friday/ by then.
 - To show a future schedule-finished action. e.g: The bridge will have been used by the next Autumn.
Other forms:
 a. The simple present tense: To denote a timetable, or a plan…
 e.g: 	A: When does he leave? B: He leaves tonight. 
 b. The present progressive: To denote an intention.
 e.g: 	A: When are you leaving? B: I am leaving this afternoon.
c. The “be + going to inf” form: To denote an intention or a near future action, an arrangement.
e.g: She is going to celebrate her 34th birthday. They are going to get married.
C. THE SEQUENCES OF TENSES
Main clause
Subordinate clause
Simple present tense.
simple present tense./ - present perfect tense.
present progressive tense./ - simple future tense.
“be going to V” form./ - simple past tense (certain point of past time).
Simple past tense
simple past tense./ - past progressive tense.
past perfect tense./ - “would + V” form.
“be going to + V” past form./ - simple present tense (showing the truth).
Present perfect tense
Simple present tense.
Past perfect tense
Simple past tense.
D. ADVERBIAL CLAUSES
Main clause
Adverbial clauses (of time)
Present tenses
Present tenses
When/ whenever/ as/ while/ before/ after/ as soon as/…
Past tenses
Past tenses
When/ while/ as/ till/ until/ just as/ since/….
Future tenses
Present tenses
No sooner than/ hardly…when/ as long as/….
PRACTICE EXERCISE 7 - BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH 7
Choose one word or phrase marked A,B,C, or D that best complete the preceding sentence.
1. It’s the pronunciation that causes me a lot of______.
 	A. difficult	B. difficulty	C. difficully	D. difficulties
2. If you place a bowl of water in the sun, it will ______.
A. evaporate B. evaporated 	C. evaporator 	D. evaporation
3. ______ 350 million people speak English as their first language
 	A. approximaty 	B. approximately	 	C. approximation	 	D. approximate
4. “Gone with the wind” was______ by Mrs. Margaret Mitchell
 	A. written	B. read	C. designed	D. drawn
5. World population will continue to rise if we do not try ______ it.
A. to increase 	B. lower 	C. to reduce 	D. reducing
6. I did all the work______ my own
 	A. by	B. on	C. for	D. at 
7. Every Sunday my father spends three hours______ English
 	A. practice	B. to practice	C. practiced	D. practicing
8. I have learned English for 3 years, and I am good______ English now.
 	A. in	B. for	C. by	D. at
9. Hoa’s brother enjoys______ to ghost stories at night.
 	 A. telling and listening	 B. tell and listen	 	C. listen	D. to tell
10. Mr. Minh has known me______ he left Ha Noi national university.
 	A. until	B. since	C. when	D. during
11. How______ is that hotel?
 	A. long	B. length	C. high	D. height
12. How much does this hat______?
 	A. pay	B. spend	C. fix	D. cost
13. The exhibition______ place once a year.
 	A. does	B. has	C. takes	D. makes
14. ______ Sundays, I often go fishing with my father.
 	A. in	B. on	C. over	D. for
15. It is______ to drive without a driving license in Viet Nam.
 	A. good	B. danger	C. dangerously	D. dangerous
16. Would you like him______?
 	A. coming	B. to come	C. come	D. came
17. My mother can play a lot of______ instruments.
 	A. music	B. musical	C. musician	D. musically
18. The girl spoke with a______ accent.
 	A. southern	B. southwards	C. south	D. southbound
19. What’s the ______ of Viet Nam?
 	A. popular	B. populate	C. populous	D. population
20. The bus takes______ than the train.
 	A. more long	B. the longest	C. longer	D. long
21. His father works much______ than he does.
 	A. harder	B. hardly	C. hard	D. more hardly
22. May I______ your book?
 	A. give	B. do	C. lend	D. borrow
23. Ha Long is one of the most famous tourist______ in Viet Nam.
 	A. attractions	B. attract	C. attracted	D. attracting
24. ______ people are not always happy.
 	A. wealth	B. wealthily	C. wealthy	D. wealthiest
25. My bike_____ last week.
 	A. were stolen	B. was stolen	C. are stolen	D. is stolen
26. He says he’s been to______ restaurant in Viet Tri town.
 	A. all	B. most	C. every	D. many
27. The ability to work well for long hours is his______.
 	A. length	B. width	C. height	D. strength
28. It is the English pronunciation that______ a lot of difficulties to Vietnamese pupils.
 	A. makes	B. causes	C. does	D. gets
29. I had no difficulty______ to your English.
 	A. listen	B. to listen	C. to listening	D. listening
30. I______ her as soon as she entered the room.
 	A. recognized 	 B. had recognized 	C. could recognized 	D. did recognized
31. You should______ to your uncle fore being rude to him.
 	A. forgive	B. apologize	C. excuse	D. regret
32. The rocket went into______ round the moon.
 	A. track	B. orbit	C. path	D. circle
33. She took______ of the fine weather to do a day’s work in her garden.
 	A. chance	B. interest	C. advantage	D. charge
34. Long speeches are really______. 
 	A. bore	B. boring	C. bored	D. to bored
35. You shouldn’t______ him all the time.
 	A. teased	B. tease	C. teases	D. teasing
36. We won’t have to import electricity if the solar energy is ______ used.
A. large 	B. widely 	C. widen 	D. width
37. Mark Twain is the ______ name of Samuel Longhorn Clemens.
 	A. pen 	B. new 	C. career 	D. writer
38. His friend __ him a lot in his career. Without their suP.Port, he would not have been successful.
 	A. told 	B. encourage 	C. taught 	D. complained
39. He often tells me something about his village______ he was born and grew up.
 	A. which 	B. who 	C. where 	D. that
40. This is the man who ______ me English.
 	A. teach 	B. teaches 	C. are teaching 	D. were teaching
41. He ______ in love with her picture even before he met her.
 	A. falls 	B. has fallen 	C. fell 	D had fallen
42. Hanoi is the city in ______ he was born.
 	A. where 	B. which 	C. that 	D. who
43. This house is an old one ______ was built long time ago.
 	A. which 	B. where 	C. who 	D. whose
44. Mark Twain’s last book was written in 1909, one year before his ______.
 	A. died 	B. dead 	C. death 	D. dying
45. His wife had great influence ______ his books.
 	A. in 	B. at 	C. for 	D. on 
46. James Watt was the ______ of the steam engine.
 	A. writer 	B. inventor 	C. engineer 	D. worker
47. I live in a house ______ has four rooms.
 	A. which 	B. where 	 	C. in which 	D. it
48. ______ we can find new sources of energy, our life will come to an end.
A. unless 	B. when 	C. if 	D. B or C
49. The two books provide us ______ an excellent picture of his era.
 	A. about 	B. with 	C. for 	D. to
50. Shakespeare ______ Hamlet in 1600 and 1601.
 	A. writes 	B. has written 	C. wrote 	D. had written