Giáo án bồi dưỡng Tiếng Anh 8 tuần 30

WEEK: 30
 Reported speech 
A. Quy t¾c chung: 
Direct speech(lêi nãi trùc tiÕp ):lµ lêi nãi cña mét ngêi nµo ®ã ®îc thuËt l¹i nguyªn v¨n 
Ex : Mary said to me “ our teacher will give us a test ”
Indirect speech(lêi nãi gi¸n tiÕp ): lµ lêi cña mét ngêi nµo ®ã thuËt l¹i víi tõ vµ c¸ch nãi cña ngêi thuËt l¹i nhng ý nghÜa kh«ng thay ®æi .
Ex : Mary said to me our teacher would give us a test .
Lêi nãi trùc tiÕp hay lêi nãi gi¸n tiÕp gåm cã hai phÇn.
+ mÖnh ®Ò trêng thuËt ( mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh )
+ Lêi nãi trùc tiÕp hay lêi nãi gi¸n tiÕp .
	Ex : Henry said : 	 “ I’m studying law next year ”.
mÖnh ®Ò trêng thuËt 	Lêi nãi trùc tiÕp 
	Ex : Henry said (that )	 he was studying law the next year ”.
mÖnh ®Ò trêng thuËt 	lêi nãi gi¸n tiÕp .
Mét sè thay ®æi khi ®æi tõ c©u trùc tiÕp sang c©u gi¸n tiÕp .
a. §¹i tõ lµm chñ tõ 	I He / She
	We 	they 
 You 	they ,he , she 
b. §¹i tõ lµm t©n ng÷	me 	him / her 
	us 	their 
	you 	them. her , him	
c. §¹i tõ së h÷u	my	his / her
	our 	their
	you 	their , her , him 
* §éng tõ têng thuËt cã tóc tõ : chñ tõ cña c©u trùc tiÕp ®îc ®æi theo t©n ng÷ cña ®éng tõ têng thuËt .
Ex : 	He said to me “ You do the test very well ”
	He told to me (that ) I did the test very well
	Tom said to Mary : “ It’s veru kind of you ”
	Tom told Mary ( that ) It was very kind of her
* Chñ tõ cña c©u trùc tiÕp lµ ng«i thø ba sè : She , He , It , They . th× khi ®æi sang c©u gi¸n tiÕp ta kh«ng thay ®æi .
Ex : 	He said : “ She’s a nice person ”
	He said that she was a nice person 
d.Thay ®æi th× : Khi ®éng tõ têng thuËt ë th× qu¸ khø ®¬n , th«ng thêng ®éng tõ cña c©u trùc tiÕp ®æi sang c©u gi¸n tiÕp ph¶i lui vÒ qu¸ khø mét th× t¬ng øng .
	Direct speech 	Indirect speech 
	Simple present 	Simple Past 
	( am / is / are )	( was / were )
	( V/ Vs / es )	( Ved / V2 )
	Present progressive 	Past progressive 
	( am/ is / are + Ving )	( was / were + Ving )
	Will 	would 
	Can	could 
	Shall	should 
	Have to 	had 
	Must 	had 
	May 	might 
	Ought to 	ought to 
	Could 	could 
	Should 	should 
* Khi ®éng tõ têng thuËt ë th× hiÖn t¹i ®¬n hay th× t¬ng lai ®¬n , th× hiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh th× c©u trùc tiÕp ®æi sang c©u gi¸n tiÕp chóng ta kh«ng thay ®æi th× ( gi÷ nguyªn th× cña ®éng tõ trong c©u trùc tiÕp ).
e. Mét sè thay ®æi kh¸c .
	Direct speech 	Indirect speech 
	now 	then 
	ago 	before
	today 	that day 
	yesterday 	the day before,
	tomorrow	the next day , the following day 
	last night 	the night before 
 week 	 the week before 
 month 	 the month before 
	here 	there
	this 	that 
	these	those
* Note : This / these + tõ chØ thêi gian 	that / those + tõ chØ thêi gian 
	Ex : this morning 	that morning 	
	 This / these + danh tõ ( noun ) 	the + danh tõ ( noun ) 	
Ex : this book 	that book 
B. C¸c d¹ng c©u .
	1.C©u mÖnh lÖnh vµ c©u yªu cÇu .	C©u gi¸n tiÕp 
	“Will you + bare inf + O..,please ?”	 	 S + asked + O + to inf + O / A
	“Can you + bare inf + O , please ?”	 told 
	“Please + bare inf + O .”	 ordered	
	“Would you like + to inf + O ”
	Ex :”Will you hand me a book ?”	
	She asked me to hand her a book .
	Ex : “ Clean the bike ” He said to Nam 
	He asked Nam to clean the bike 	
	2.MÖnh lÖnh phñ ®Þnh ( negative commands )
	Don’t + bare inf + O / A	,please	S + asked + O + not to inf + O / A
 	told 
	 ordered
	Ex : “ Don’t talk in class ” teacher said to the children 
	Teacher asked the children not to talk in class 
	3. Yes / No – question .Khi ®æi c©u hái Yes / No – question sang c©u gi¸n tiÕp ta thùc hiÖn mét sè bíc sau :
	a. Dïng ®éng tõ ask ë mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh ( hay mÖnh ®Ò têng thuËt )	
	b. Thªm If hay Whether sau mÖnh ®Ò têng thuËt, ®a c©u hái vÒ d¹ng c©u kh¼ng ®Þnh ( ®èi víi ®éng tõ thêng ta bá trî ®éng tõ Do / Does ) 	
	c. Thùc hiÖn mét sè thay ®æi theo quy t¾c chung .
	d. Bá dÊu hái ë cuèi c©u .
	* Yes / No – question víi ®éng tõ “ to be “ 
	“ is /am/are + S + C ? ”
	S + asked + (O) + If / Whether + S + was / were + C
Ex : “ Are you late ? ” he said to me 
	He asked me If I was late 
* Yes / No – question víi Modal verb ( can , will , could .)
	“ M.v + S + Vinf + O ?” 
S + asked + O + If / Whether + S + Mv + Vinf + O
Ex : “ Can you sing a song ? ” he said to me 
	He asked me If / whether I could sing a song 
* Yes / No – question víi ®éng tõ thêng ( ordinary verb )
	“ Do / does + S + Vinf + O ? ”
	S + asked + O + If / whether + S + Ved / V2 + O
Ex : “ Does she buy a new book ? ” Lan said to me 
	Lan asked me If / Whether she bought a new book 
	4. Wh- question. Khi ®æi c©u hái Wh – question sang c©u gi¸n tiÕp ta thùc hiÖn mét sè bíc sau :
	a. Gi÷ l¹i tõ ®Ó hái sau mÖnh ®Ò têng thuËt, ®a phÇn cßn l¹i cña c©u hái vÒ d¹ng c©u kh¼ng ®Þnh ( ®èi víi ®éng tõ thêng ta bá trî ®éng tõ Do / Does ). HoÆc víi ®éng tõ thêng ta cã thÓ bá chñ tõ , trî tõ ®a ®éng tõ chÝnh vÒ d¹ng ®éng tõ nguyªn mÉu cã “to “ ®Ó nèi tiÕp vµo víi tõ ®Ó hái 	
	c. Thùc hiÖn mét sè thay ®æi theo quy t¾c chung .
	d. Bá dÊu hái ë cuèi c©u .
	“ Wh + be + S + C ? ”
	“ Wh + do /does / Mv + S + Vinf + O ? ”
	S + V +(O ) + 	Wh + S + be + C 
	Wh + S + (Mv ) + V + O
	Wh + to inf + O
Ex : “Where is your bike ?” he said to me 
	He asked me where my bike was .
	“ What do you buy ?”he said to me 
	He asked me what I bought 
	 to buy 
	Ex “Where is your bike ?” he say to me 
	He asks me where my bike is .
	“ What do you buy ?”he say to me 
	He asks me what I buy 
	 to buy 
II.Turn the following sentences into reported speech:
1.“I’m going away tomorrow”, he said.
..
2.“I have lose my wallet”, he said.
..
3.”I don’t understand”, Mary said.
4.”We are coming to visit some classmates’, they said.
..
5.”Our family moved to a new flat 3 days ago”, they said.
6.”I have two brothers”, he said.
7”My father is an engineer”, Jonh said.
8.”I’m staying with some my friends now”, Mark said.
9.”We were playing foodball at 3.00 yesterday afternoon”, they said.
..
10.”You should see the doctor”, my friend said.
..
Key:1.He said that he was going away the following day.
2.He said that he had lost his wallet.
3.Mary said that she didn’t understand.
4.They said that they were coming to visit some classmates.
5.they said that their family had moved to new flat 3 days before.
6.He said that he had two brothers.
7.John said his father was an engineer.
8.Mark said that he was staying with some his friends then.
9.They said that they had been playing foodball at 3.00 the previous afternoon.
10.My friend said that I should see the doctor.
III.Turn the following sentences into reported speech:
1.”We are decorating our Christmas tree”, Nam and Lan said.
.
2.“ I will come to see you as you as I can” , Lan said.
3.“This isn’t my umbrella” , she said.
4.“You are my best friend”, John said to me.
..
5.“We hope it will rain tomorrow”, the farmers say.
..
6.“I stayed up late to study last night’, Mary said.
.
7.“I can swim very fast”, Mark said.
8.“We have lived here since 1988”, they said.
.
9.“I walked home from school this morning”, Linh said.
.
10.“I am going to the cinema tonight”, he said.
Key:1.Nam and Lan said that they were decorating their Christmas tree.
2.Lan said that she would come to see me as soon as she could.
3.She said that was not her umbrella.
4.John said to me that I was his best friend.
5.The farmers say that they hope it will rain the following day.
6.Mary said that she had stayed up late to study the night before.
7.Mark said that he could swim very fast.
8.They said that they had lived there since 1998.
9.linh said that she had walked to home from school that morning.
10.He said that he was going to the cinema that night.