Đề thi thử THPT quốc gia năm học 2014 - 2015 môn: Anh văn 12 - Mã đề thi 132

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I. MULTIPLE CHOICES (64 Questions; 8.0 points)
 Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks from questions 1 to 10. 
	One of the most urgent environmental problems in the world today is the shortage of clean water. Having clean drinking water is a basic human right. But acid rain, (1) ________ pollution and garbage have made many sources of water undrinkable. Lakes, reservoirs and even entire seas have become vast pools (2) ________ poison. Lake Baikal in Russia is one of the largest lakes in the world. It (3) ________ a rich variety of animals and plants, including 1,300 rare species that do not exist (4) ________ else in the world. But they are being destroyed by the massive volumes of toxic effluent which (5) _______ into the lake every day. Even where law existed, the government did not have the power to enforce them.
	Most industries simply ignore the regulations. The Mediterranean Sea (6) ________ 1% of the world's water surface. But it is the dumping (7) ________ for 50% of all marine pollution. Almost 16 countries regularly throw industrial wastes a few miles (8) ________ shore.
	Water is free to everyone. A few years ago, people thought that the supply of clean water in the world was limitless. Today, many water supplies have been (9) ________ by pollution and sewage. Clean water is now scarce, and we are at last beginning to respect this precious (10) ________. We should do something now.
(Source: v14ilovetranslation.com)
Question 1: A. industrialized	B. industry	C. industrious	D. industrial
Question 2: A. of	B. in	C. to	D. on
Question 3: A. composes	B. consists	C. contains	D. encloses
Question 4: A. everywhere	B. where	C. somewhere	D. anywhere
Question 5: A. stay	B. pour	C. burn	D. boil
Question 6: A. occupies	B. comprises	C. holds	D. makes
Question 7: A. soil	B. shore	C. land	D. ground
Question 8: A. on	B. of	C. off	D. away
Question 9: A. made	B. kept	C. ruined	D. conserved
Question 10: A. outlet	B. source	C. well	D. nature
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 11 to 20. 
Most journeys in Britain and the US are made by road. Some of these are made on public transport but most are by private car. 
In Britain many people rely on their cars for daily local activities, e.g. getting to work, doing the shopping, and visiting friends. People living in urban areas may use buses, trains or, in London, the Underground, to get to city centres, mainly because traffic is often heavy and it is difficult to find anywhere to park a car. Some places in the country may have a bus only two or three times a week so people living there have no choice but to rely on their cars. 
In the US large cities have good public transportation systems. The El railroad in Chicago and the underground systems of New York, Boston, San Francisco and Washington, DC are heavily used. Elsewhere, most Americans prefer to use their cars. Families often have two cars and, outside major cities, have to drive fairly long distances to schools, offices, shops, banks, etc. Many college and even high-school students have their own cars. Long-distance travel in Britain is also mainly by road, though railways link most towns and cities. 
Most places are linked by motorways or other fast roads and many people prefer to drive at their own convenience rather than use a train, even though they may get stuck in a traffic jam. 
Long-distance coach/bus services are usually a cheaper alternative to trains, but they take longer and may be less comfortable. Some long-distance travel, especially that undertaken for business reasons, may be by air. There are regular flights between regional airports, as well as to and from London. A lot of freight is also distributed by road, though heavier items and raw materials often go by rail. 
In the US much long-distance travel is by air. America has two main long-distance bus companies, Greyhound and Trailways. Amtrak, the national network, provides rail services for passengers. Private railway companies such as Union Pacific now carry only freight, though in fact over 70% of freight goes by road.
The main problems associated with road transport in both Britain and the US are traffic congestion and pollution. It is predicted that the number of cars on British roads will increase by a third within a few years, making both these problems worse. The British government would like more people to use public transport, but so far they have had little success in persuading people to give up their cars or to share rides with neighbours. Most people say that public transport is simply not good enough. Americans too have resisted government requests to share cars because it is less convenient and restricts their freedom. Petrol/gasoline is relatively cheap in the US and outside the major cities public transport is bad, so they see no reason to use their cars less.
 (Extracted from Oxford Guide to British and American Culture, Oxford University Press, 2000)
Question 11: In Britain and the US most people travel by ______.
A. air	B. rail	C. road	D. sea
Question 12: According to the passage, people in London may prefer the Underground to their own cars due to ______.
A. long distances	B. heavy traffic	C. air pollution	D. cheap tickets
Question 13: It is mentioned in paragraph 3 that the public transportation systems in the US are good in ______.
A. large states	B. large cities	C. all cities	D. some states
Question 14: Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Few college students in the US have their own cars.
B. Families in the US often have more than one car.
C. The underground systems are popular in some major US cities.
D. Most Americans prefer to drive their cars outside large cities.
Question 15: The phrase “at their own convenience” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. at the latest time and nearest place	B. at an appropriate time and place
C. at an early time and nearby place	D. at the fastest time and nearest place
Question 16: Which of the following is true about transport in Britain?
A. Trains are usually cheaper than long-distance coach services.
B. Long-distance travel in Britain is only by road.
C. There are no regular flights between regional airports.
D. Heavier items and raw materials are often transported by train.
Question 17: According to the information in paragraph 6, long-distance travellers in the US can choose from ______ mode(s) of transport.
A. one	B. three	C. four	D. two
Question 18: It is stated in the passage that the major problems of road transport in Britain and the US are ______.
A. traffic jams and pollution	B. accidents and pollution
C. drink-driving and traffic jams	D. speeding and bad roads
Question 19: According to the passage, people in Britain refuse public transport because ______.
A. they see no reason to use their cars less	B. petrol is relatively cheap in Britain
C. they like to share rides with neighbours	D. they think it is not good enough
Question 20: The word “they” in the last sentence of the passage can best be replaced by ______.
A. Americans	B. neighbours	C. major cities	D. the government
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 21to 30. 
 	Human Nutrition is the study of how food affects the health and survival of the human body. Human beings require food to grow, reproduce, and maintain good health. Without food, our bodies could not stay warm, build or repair tissue, or maintain the heartbeat. Eating the right foods can help us avoid certain diseases or recover faster when illness occurs. These and other important functions are fueled by chemical substances in our food called nutrients. Nutrients are classified as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water.
 	When we eat a meal, nutrients are released from food through digestion. Digestion begins in the mouth by the action of chewing and the chemical activity of saliva, a watery fluid that contains enzymes, certain proteins that help break down food. Further digestion occurs as food travels through the stomach and the small intestine, where digestive enzymes and acids liquefy food and muscle contractions push it along the digestive tract. Nutrients are absorbed from the inside of the small intestine into the bloodstream and carried to the sites in the body where they are needed. At these sites, several chemical reactions occur, which ensures the growth and function of body tissues. The parts of foods that are not absorbed continue to move down the intestinal tract and are eliminated from the body as feces.
 	Once digested, carbohydrates, proteins, and fats provide the body with the energy it needs to maintain its many functions. Scientists measure this energy in kilocalories, the amount of energy needed to raise one kilogram of water one degree Celsius. In nutrition discussions, scientists use the term calorie instead of kilocalorie as the standard unit of measure in nutrition.
 	Nutrients are classified as essential or nonessential. Nonessential nutrients are manufactured in the body and do not need to be obtained from food. Examples include cholesterol, a fatlike substance present in all animal cells. Essential nutrients must be obtained from food sources, because the body either does not produce them or produces them in amounts too small to maintain growth and health. Essential nutrients include water, carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals.
 	An individual needs varying amounts of each essential nutrient, depending upon such factors as gender and age. Specific health conditions, such as pregnancy, breast-feeding, illness, or drug use, make unusual demands on the body and increase its need for nutrients. Dietary guidelines, which take many of these factors into account, provide general guidance in meeting daily nutritional needs. 
	From “Human Nutrition” by Worthington-Roberts, Bonnie, Microsoft ® Student 2009.
Question 21: The first paragraph mainly discusses ______.
A. chemical substances in our food
B. a variety of essential nutrients to human beings
C. the importance of food to human beings
D. the study of human nutrition
Question 22: The word “released” in the second paragraph mostly means “ ”
A. refused	B. produced	C. expressed	D. renewed
Question 23: Which of the following is NOT true about the process of digestion
A. The small intestine covers the whole digestive system.
B. The small intestine	helps the body absorb nutrients.
C. Nutrients are carried to different sites in the body
D. Saliva plays an important role in the first stage of digestion
Question 24: The word “maintain” in the paragraph is closest meaning to “ ”
A. obtain	B. provide	C. keep performing	D. carry on making
Question 25: According to the passage, nutrients are absorbed ______.
A. over the whole body	B. in the mouth
C. in the stomach	D. in the small intestine
Question 26: According to the passage, which of the following provides energy for the body?
A. Proteins, fats, and minerals
B. Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
C. Carbohydrates, minerals, and water
D. Proteins, vitamins, and carbohydrates
Question 27: In nutrition discussions, the standard unit used to measure nutrients is ________.
A. kilocalorie	B. kilogram	C. calorie	D. gram
Question 28: The word “which” in the last paragraph refers to______.
A. general guidance	B. unusual demands	C. dietary guidelines	D. nutritional needs
Question 29: Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. Classification of nutrients
B. The body’s need of nutrients
C. The effects of food on the body
D. Food sources from animals
Question 30: Through the passage, the author provides the readers with _______.
A. instructions	B. some information	C. some proposal	D. orders
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the rest in each of the following questions from 31to 33. 
Question 31: A. future	B. figure	C. adventure	D. mature
Question 32: A. rejects	B. always	C. players	D. confides
Question 33: A. walked	B. jumped	C. involved	D. missed
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions from 34 to 36. 
Question 34: He was one of the most outstanding performers at the live show last night.
A. impressive.	B. well- known	C. important	D. easy- looking
Question 35: He was asked to account for his presence at the scene of the crime"
A. complain	B. explain	C. exchange	D. arrange
Question 36: The repeated commercials on TV distract many viewers from watching their favourite films.
A. businesses	B. advertisements	C. contests	D. economics
Mark the letter A,B,C or D on your sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined words in each of the following sentences from 37 to 38. 
Question 37: She is a very generous old woman. She has given most of her wealth to a charity organization.
A. mean	B. kind	C. hospitable	D. amicable
Question 38: After five days on trial, the court found him innocent of the crime and he was released.
A. guilty	B. naive	C. benevolent	D. innovative
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions from 39 to 57. 
Question 39: Please, ____ and see us some time. You ‘re always welcome.
A. come around	B. come about	C. come to	D. come away
Question 40: After years of being exposed to the sun and rain, the sign had become completely_____.
A. readable	B. misread	C. unreadable	D. illegible
Question 41: Did you read ________ book I lent you last week?
A. an	B. Ø	C. the	D. a
Question 42: ____, sheep were then used for wool.
A. Although they had first domesticated for milk production
B. Having first domesticated for milk production
C. Having been first domesticated for milk production
D. Because they had been first domesticated for milk production
Question 43: Lorie is very thin, _____ her young sister, who is quite heavy.
A. dislike	B. dissimilar to	C. unlike	D. unlikely
Question 44: _____ over long distances is a fact.
A. That electricity can be transmitted	B. That electricity
C. That can be transmitted	D. That electricity transmitting
Question 45: There is only one Greek island I haven’t visited.
A. which	B. whom	C. when	D. who
Question 46: Had I studied harder, I______________better in the last exam.
A. wouldn’t have done	B. had done	C. would have done	D. would do
Question 47: Tom: "Would you like another coffee?" Jerry:	" ___ ___ "
A. It's a pleasure.	B. Very kind of your part.
C. I'd love one.	D. Me, too.
Question 48: Olek: ‘Your kitchen is fantastic! Did you do it all by yourself?’ Shaival: ‘No, I ________ by a professional.’
A. designed it	B. had it designed	C. have it designed	D. had designed it
Question 49: What time do you often leave home school every day?
A. at	B. for	C. to	D. from
Question 50: The more you practise your English, ________ .
A. faster you will learn	B. the faster you will learn
C. the faster will you learn	D. you will learn faster
Question 51: I can’t find my dictionary at the moment. I hope it will ______ up soon.
A. look	B. clear	C. come	D. turn
Question 52: There was nothing they could do ______ leave the car at the roadside where it had broken down.
A. but	B. instead of	C. unless	D. than
Question 53: Last week, our class went to Ha Long Bay for a picnic, ________ made us very happy then.
A. it	B. that	C. of which	D. which
Question 54: Rosemary Dare is a wildlife photographer. She ________ in Uganda for many years.
A. will live	B. is living	C. lives	D. has been living
Question 55: Jane:“Would you mind if I use you computer for an hour?” 	Tony:”________”
A. Of course not. I still need it now	B. Yes, you can use it.
C. Yes, It’s all right.	D. Not at all. I’ve finished my job
Question 56: You _______ brought your umbrella . We are going by taxi.
A. mustn’t have	B. can’t have	C. wouldn’t have	D. needn’t have
Question 57:  ________ had she opened the door than the phone rang.
A. Barely	B. Hardly	C. Scarcely	D. No sooner
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions from 58 to 62. 
Question 58: Have a headache (A), an upset stomach, and a bad case of (B) sunburn did not put me (C) in a good mood (D) for the evening.
Question 59: The (A) Oxford English Dictionary is well known (B) for including many different meanings (C) of words and to give (D) real examples.
Question 60: Daisy has such (A) many things to do (B) that she has (C) no time to go (D) out.
Question 61: To attract (A) someone's attention we can use (B) either verbal and non- verbal (C) forms of communication (D).
Question 62: The wooden (A) fence surrounded (B) the factory is beginning to fall down (C) because of the rain (D).
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose stress pattern is different from that of the rest in each of the following questions from 63 to 64. 
Question 63: A. receive	B. notebook	C. student	D. teacher
Question 64: A. reputation	B. independence	C. experiment	D. individual
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PHẦN TỰ LUẬN
II. WRITING (2.0 points)
Part 1. Transformation (0.5 point): Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it.
Question 65: “You stole my money.” Mr Nam to the robber.
à Mr Nam accused__________________________________________
 Mr Nam accused the robber of having stolen/ stealing his money.
Question 66: Fiona has been typing the report for an hour. 
à It is an hour___________________________________________.
 It is an hour since Fiona started typing the report.
Question 67: She doesn’t enjoy travelling any more.
 à No longer ________________________________________.
 No longer does she enjoy travelling
Question 68: My book is not as expensive as yours.
à Your book is _______________________________________________________________
 Your book is more expensive than mine (my book)
Question 69: Without skilful surgery, he would not have survived the operation. 
 à But for _______________________________________________ 
 But for skilful surgery he would not have survived the operation. 
Part 2. Paragraph writing (1.5 point)
Suppose you were offered a job with one of the following international organizations: WWF (World Wildlife Fund), WHO (World Health Organization), and the UN (United Nations). Which one would you like to choose? Write a paragraph of 100-120 words expressing the reasons why you choose the organization.
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