Đề cương ôn tập học kỳ II môn: Tiếng Anh - Lớp 8

ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ II
MÔN: TIẾNG ANH - LỚP 8
A. VOCABULARY (TỪ VỰNG) :
Ôn từ vựng theo từng unit: unit 9 unit 15
STRUCTURES
1. The Basic Tenses
Tenses
Form
Trạng từ 
Cách dùng và ví dụ
1.The Simple present
(Hiện tại đơn))
S + Vs/es
S+do/does not+ Vo
Do/Does+ S+ Vo? 
always, often, usually, frequently, sometimes =occasionally, rarely
=seldom, once or twice a week, never..
* Chỉ 1 thói quen ở hiện tại.
 - ex: He usually (go) goes to school in the morning
* 1 sự thật không thay đổi.
 - ex: The sun (rise) rises in the East.
2. The Present Continuous
(Hiện tại tiếp diễn)
 S+ am/is/ are+ V-ing
 S +am/is/are + not+V-ing
 Am/is/are+ S+ V-ing?
at the moment, at the time, Verb! (look!, listen!, be quiet)
at present = now
* Cho hành động đang xảy ra ở thời điểm đang nói.
- It (rain) is raining now.
- Lan (eat) is eating at preent
- Listen! She (sing) is singing
3. The Present
Perfect 
(Hiện Tại Hoàn Thành) 
S + have/has + V3/Ved
S + have/has +not+ V3/V-ed
Have/Has +S + V3/V-ed?
for + khoảng t.gian
since + Mốc t.gian
never, ever, just = recently = lately, so far = up to now = up to the present= until now, already, yet, this is the first time ...., several times.
* Chỉ hành động xảy ra trong qúa khứ nhưng t.gian không xác định.
ex: She (visit) has visited Ha Long Bay several times. 
* Chỉ hành động bắt đầu ở qúa khứ mà còn tiếp tục kéo dài đến hiện tại.
- We (learn) have learnt English for 7 years.
- My mother (be) has been sick sinse yesterday
- Lan (just buy) has just bought a new shirt.
4. The Simple Past
( Qúa khứ đơn)
S + V2/V-ed
S + did + NOT + bare-V
Did +S + bare- V?
- Yessterday, last (last week /month/ year...), ago, in + year(in 2000...)
* Diễn tả hành động xảy ra ở 1 thời gian xác định trong QK.
- She (meet) met him yesterday.
- Mr Pike (stay) stayed here last nigh
5. The Past Continuous (Qúa khứ tiếp diễn)
S + was/ were + V-ing
S +was/were+ not+V-ing
Was/ were + S + V-ing?
At 5 P.m/ at 5 o’clock + Thời gian trong QK, all day yesterday.
When, as, while.
* Chỉ 1 hành động đang xảy ra ở 1 thời điểm xác định trong QK
- At this time last night, she (study) was studying lessons at home.
* Chỉ 2 hành động xảy ra song song ở QK
- My mother (cook) was cooking while my father (watch) was watching TV.
* Chỉ 1 hành động đang xảy ra thì có 1 hành động khác xảy đến
-When he ( drive) was driving, he (see) saw a serious accident.
6. The simple future (Tương Lai đơn)
S + will/ shall + Vo
 S + will/shall + not +Vo
Will/Shall + S +Vo?
Tomorrow, next (next week/ month/ year...), someday,...
Diễn tả hành động xảy ra trong tương laii.
- Tomorrow he (visit ) will visit me.
- She (stay) will stay at home next Monday.
2: REPORTED SPEECH:
3. PHRASE OF PURPOSE AND ADJECTIVES
A-Adjective Followed By An Infinitive : 
 Form: It’s + adjective + to-Vco
Ex: It’s difficult to do that exercise.	 ( Làm bài tập đó rất khó.)
Những Adjectives thường gặp:
Easy, difficult, hard, dangerous, important, necessary, lovely, interesting, nice, great
 => It’s + adj + to V
B- Adjective Followed By A Noun Clause: 
 Form: S+ V+ adj + clause
Ex: I’m sure that they will come.	 (Tôi chắc chắn họ sẽ đến.)
 Adjectives thöôøng gaëp trong caáu truùc:
happy, delighted, sad, sure, certain, relieved, afraid, sorry
4. PHRASE OF PURPOSE
Ta : so as (not) to + Vo hoaëc in order (not) to + Vo ñeå dieãn taû muïc ñích.
Ex: - I study hard in order to pass the exam.
I study hard so as to pass the exam
5. PASSIVE VOICE: CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG
1- Structure:
 	 S + V + O
 S + be + V3/ed +.... by + O
2-Cách chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động:
-Xác định chủ ngữ, trạng từ và tân ngữ của câu chủ động.
-Chuyển động từ chính thành V3/ed
-Nếu chủ ngữ là đại từ nhân xưng: they hay đại từ (someone, everyone, people...) có thể bỏ
6. V-ing and V-ed Participles And Requests
Hiện tại phân từ và quá khứ phân từ: V-ing and V-ed participles:
Có 2 loại Participle Phrases : Present Participle Phrases và Past Participle Phrases.
a. Present Participle Phrases: hiện tại phân từ dieãn taû yù chuû ñoäng (Active), hoaëc “ñang laøm gì”: Thường dùng với người.
- The boy standing over there is Jack.
- The boys playing in the garden are his sons.
b. Past Participle Phrases: qua khứ phân từ dùng dieãn taû yù thuï ñoäng (Passive). Thường dùng với đồ vật.
The car made from recycled aluminum cans is 5 dollars.
The doll dressed in blue is Mary’s.
7- Câu Yêu Cầu, Đề Nghị, Phàn Nàn:
Chúng ta có thể dùng 1 trong những cách sau đây để đưa ra 1 lời đề nghị hoặc yêu cầu. 
 Lưu ý động từ đứng sau mind phải ở dạng V-ing (Gerund)
Công thức: Do you mind 
 Would you mind	
 - Do you mind opening the window? 	 (Phiền bạn mở dùm cửa sổ.)
 - Would you mind opening the window? (Phiền bạn mở dùm cửa sổ.)
Công thức: Do you mind if + S + Vs/es
 Would you mind if + S + V2/ed
Do you mind if I open the window?	(Tôi mở cửa sổ có phiền cho bạn không?)
Would you mind if I opened the window? 	(Tôi mở cửa sổ có phiền cho bạn không?)
*-Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn với “Always”: Mang ý nghĩa than phiền về điều gì:
 S + am/ is / are + always + V ing	
Ex: You are always getting up late in winter.
8. Compound words with noun V-ing / To-infinitive
A. Questions words before to-infinitives: Wh-word (What, Where, When, Why, Who)+ to-infinitive
Nhöõng ñoäng töø thöôøng duøng trong caáu truùc naøy laø: tell, show, point out, learn 
He told me what to do.
He showed us how to open the box.
He pointed out where to get tickets.
B. Verb + to-infinitive
Nhöõng ñoäng töø thöôøng duøng trong caáu truùc naøy laø:
start, begin, decide, want, try, manage, would like, agree, advice, ask
I want to buy a new shirt.
He decided to go home.
They started to run.
9. Compound words with noun – V-ing
- The people who love peace => The peace-loving people
- The story that breaks our heart 	 => The heart-breaking story. 
10 / Requests ,offers and promises 
a. Request : Can /Could you + V1 ?
 Will /Would you please + V1 ..?
 Sure / OK /All right /
 I’m sorry I can’t /I’m afraid not
 Would /Do you mind + V –ing.?
 Do you mind if I + V1 ..?
 Would you mind if I + V (simple past ) ?
 No, I don’t mind /No, of course not /Not at all /Please do 
 I ‘d rather you didn’t /I’d prefer you didn’t
b. Offers : Would you like + to – V1..?
 Shall I /Can I + V1 .?
 Will you /Won’t you + V1?
 Yes, please /That would be nice /No , thank you
c. Promises : I promise I will + V1 
 I won’t + V1 
 I hope so /Good / I’m glad /Don’t forget 
B. EXERCISES
I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the rest.
A. whole	B. when 	C. where	D. while
A. notice	B. socket	C. enroll	D. mobile.
A. engineer	B. exercise	C. experiment	D. exhibition.
A. comment	B. equipment	C. improvement 	D. development
A. bean	B. teammate	C. speaker	D. overhead
II. Choose the correct answer to complete each sentence.
Please let me _______you with this heavy bag. (A. help 	B. to help	C. helping	D. Helps)
The exam was much _______we had expected. 
	A. more easily 	B. more easy 	C. easier than 	D. easier as 
It’s _______film I've ever seen. (A. good 	B. the best 	C. better 	D. well )
He _______five gold medals since the beginning of the Sea Games. 
A. win 	B. won 	C. is winning 	D. has won 
The students are playing _______in the school yard. (A. happy 	B. happier 	C. happiest 	D. Happily)
My friend suggested _______ to the movies by bike. (A. going	B. to go 	C. go 	D. Goes)
She told me _______you this dictionary.(A. giving 	B. to give 	C. gave 	D. Given)
Every milk bottle can be _______thirty times. (A. recycled 	B. reused 	C. reduced 	D. Returned)
It's too cold outside. Would you mind _______the window?
	A. to close 	B. close 	C. closed 	D. closing
When passing Truong Tien Bridge, tourists often stop_______some pictures.
	A. take 	B. took 	C. to take 	D. taking 
Life in the city is different _______that in the country.(A. with 	B. of 	C. from 	D. To)
I am afraid that I can’t agree _______you.(A. about 	B. at 	C. on 	D. With)
Would you like a _______vacation?(A. relaxing 	B. relax 	C. relaxed 	D. relaxingly )
This is the boy _______Tom.(A. calling 	B. calls 	C. called 	D. Call)
The car looks very clean. _______you _______it?
	A. Did/ wash 	B. Have/ washed 	C. Do/ wash 	D. Are/ washing 
What are you going to do? - I don’t know. I haven’t made_______my mind yet.
 	A. on	B. at	C. in	D. up
It's very careless _______you to leave the books on the floor.(A. for	B. at	C. of 	D. With)
He hates_______to do something by others.
 	A. being to ask	B. asking	C. being asked	D. to ask
Let’s go camping in the mountain, _______?(A. do we	B. can we	C. will we	D. shall we)
Did you succeed_______the problem? (A. to solve	B. on solving	C. in solving	D. Solving)
IV. Finish the second sentence in such a way that it means exactly the same as the first one.
They will rebuild the building next year.@ The building.	
The last time we met each other was ten years ago.@ We haven..
France presented the Statue of Liberty to the United States in 1876.@ The Statue 
The ceiling was so high that the children couldn’t reach it.@ The ceiling was.
People should stop experiments on animals.@ Experiments
 “Don’t cry my child” said the mother.@ The mother asked .
May I turn on the television? (mind)@ Do you ..
Would you mind not using the office phone? (use)@ I’d ..
 “Don’t throw things away” - Mrs. Thanh said to the students. (asked)@ Mrs. Thanh
I suggest going to the movies now. (that)@ I ..
He goes Ho Chi Minh city.He want to visit his friend(in order to)
Would you mind if I (smoke).here
Learning Enghlish is interesting@It is..
She/show/me/where/get/tickets
The boy is talking to Lan.He is my classmate@.
They have painted the wall white(passive).
they told me to go away@I was..
She will look after the little girlcarefully@the little girl.
She asked me: “Are you a good Maths”(reported)
They said: “ We have attened course of cooking”.
V. Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions.
She went out the room______saying a word.
The life in the countryside is changing______better.
She was born______2 o’clock ______18th July.
Mary is thinking______importing flowers______China.
They are traveling______the airport______a bus.
I am afraid______ghosts.
My mom divided the cake______the children.
This country consists ______two regions.
The canoe turned over and everyone fell______the deep water.
She has looked______her pen for three hours but she hasn’t found it yet.
VI. Read the following passage and answer each of the questions below. 
Daniel has always enjoyed using computers. He started using them at school, but he’s had his own computer at home for about two years. He’s been using it to write his compositions. This year, Daniel did very well in his school exams, and as a reward, his parents offered to buy him a modem. A modem allows his computer to ‘talk’ over the telephone to other computers. Daniel has been using his modem for a few weeks now. He’s been sending messages to people around the world. He’s even been playing computer games with kids in America. 
Who has always enjoyed using computers?@ 
Where did he start using them?@ 
What has he been using it for?@ 
What did his parents offer to buy him	@
What has he been playing with kids in America?@ 
VII. Read the following passage and choose the best answers each of the questions. 
Is computer shopping the way of the future? About 37% of American households now have personal computers. And shopping by computer (or “shopping on-line”) is interesting to more people every day. Already, shoppers can use their computers to order many different products, such as computer products, flowers, food, T-shirts, and posters. And new online shopping services appear every day. Soon people may be able to shop for anything, anytime, anywhere in the world. 
What is the passage written about?
	A. Computer shopping 	B. Personal computer
	C. The future 	D. Shoppers all over the world
What does the word ‘their’ in line 3 refer to?
	A. people 	B. shoppers	C. households 	D. personal computer
Shoppers can buy by computer. 
	A. many different products 	B. anything
	C. flowers 	D. a&c
What does the word ‘appear’ in line 6 mean?
	A. become available for the first time 	B. be bought
	C. be sold 	D. arrive somewhere
Which of the following is not true?
	A. About 37% of American households have a computer. 
	B. Today, many people are interested in shopping on-line. 
	C. Shopping on-line means shopping by computer. 
	D. Nowadays, people can buy anything, anytime, anywhere in the world by computer. 
10. Read the text carefully then do the exercises
Tet or Lunar New Year holiday is the most important celebration for Vietnamese people. Tet is a festival whish happens in late January or early February. Before Tet, people usually clean and decorate their homes. They go to market to buy candy, jams or dried water melon seeds. They also get new clothes which are worn at Tet. They often buy beach blossoms and marigolds which are traditional flowers on Tet holiday. Tet is a time for family members gather and have some special meals with special food such as sticky rice cakes. People often visit relatives and close friends on the second day of the holiday. 
* Answer the questions:
a) What is the most important celebration for Vietnamese people ?
b) Does Tet happen in early January ?
c) What do people do before Tet ?
d) What do they buy at the market?.
e) What do people do on the second day of New Year?
X. Choose the underlined part that needs correction. 
James should be tell the news as soon as possible. 	
The assistant asked Helen whether those shoes was too small for her. 
It was late, so we decided taking a taxi home. 
4.I don’t know who wrote the song, but I’ll try and find about. 
	5.She showed me where did I left my luggage. 
6.I have already cleaned the floor, but I still need dusting the furniture. 
7.I knew Tim when he was a child, but I didn’t see him for many years. 	
8.There was something wrong to one of the tires. 
	9.Study is no longer restricted on just one location. 	
10He had not idea how difficult the job was. 	
*Drill :Chia thì đúng cho các câu sau :
1 .It started to rain while I (walk) to school .
2 .She (not /finish) her homework yet .
3 Nga and Lan (do) the homework at 8 o’clock last night.
4 .Oh dear ! They always (go ) to class late.
5. When Mr Tuan (arrive ) home ,his children (watch ) a film on TV.
6 .What you (do) at this time last Sunday ? -We ( collect ) waste paper for recycling.
7 . He (be ) in Viet Nam for two weeks .
8 .Yesterday Ba (ask ) me to go to the station with him . but I ( not/ want ) to leave the house because I (wait )for a call.
9 .I (already /see ) that film.
10 .Mrs Quyen (do ) shopping while Mr Thanh ( attend ) a business meeting.
*Drill : Chuyển những câu sau sang bị động :
1.My father bought this house two years ago 
2 .We have done these exercises carefully.
3 .People recycle car tires to make pipes.
4. The workers will build a new school in my town.
5 .Franz Gruber wrote the Christmas carol in the 19th century 
6. People can reuse milk bottles for thirty times .
7. People speak English in the world .
8 .The boy has broken the classroom window.
9 .I got his letter this morning.
10. They make these cars in Japan
*Drill : Chuyển những câu sau sang câu gián tiếp 
Mai said “We are going to have an English –speaking club “
“I will come here tomorrow “ said Tim
She aksed me “Do you know him? “
My friend told me “ I can repair the bike myself “
My friend said “ after Tet every thing is expensive “
“ Is Phong Nha Cave far from HaNoi , Lan ? “ Peter aksed 
The teacher said to Nam “ You must study harder in English “
 “ Do many tourists visit Ha Long Bay every year , Nga ? “ Mary aksed 
Nam said “ My sister likes cooking “
 My mother said “ I want our house to look clean and nice at Tet “
*Drill : kết hợp những cặp câu sau dùng hiện tại phân từ hoặc quá khứ phân từ
1.The man is standing near the window . He is Nam
2 .A car was made in Japan . It was very expensive 
3 .The film was shown on TV last night .It won the first prize in the film festival last year
4. A man is working in the garden .He is my grand father 
5. A window was broken in the storm last night .It has been repaired