Các dạng đảo ngữ trong Tiếng Anh

Inversion
(Đảo ngữ)
1. Đảo ngữ với NO và NOT:
No 
 + N + §N
Not
Ex: Not a tear did she shed when the story ended in tragedy.
No money shall I lend you from now on.
2. Đảo ngữ với các trạng từ phủ định:
Seldom
Hardly (ever)
Rarely + §N
Scarcely
Little
Never
Ex: I have never seen such a beautiful girl in my life.
à Never in my life have I seen such a beautiful girl.
3. Đảo ngữ với ONLY
Only once
Only later + §N
Only in this way
Only then
Only after
 + N/ V-ing/ Clause, §N
Only by 
Only when
 + Clause, §N
Only if 
Ex: I have met her only once.
à Only once have I met her.
 Only later did I realize that my family played an important role in my life.
 Only when I went abroad to study, did I realize that my family played an important role in my life.
 Only by doing a test everyday, can you feel confident.
4. Đảo ngữ với các cụm từ có NO:
At no time
On no condition
Under no circumstances + §N
For no reason
In no way
No longer
Ex: He never suspected that his girlfriend was an enemy spy.
à At no time did he suspected that his girlfriend was an enemy spy.
 This button mustn’t be touched under any circumstances.
à Under no circumstances could this button be touched.
He used to smoke 20 cigarettes a day.
à He doesn’t smoke 20 cigarettes a day any longer.
à No longer does he smoke 20 cigarettes a day.
5. Hardly when = No sooner than:
Hardly + had + S + PP + when + ...
No sooner + ... + than + ...
Ex: Hardly had she hung the clothes out when it rained.
No sooner had I put the receiver down than he rang back.
6. Đảo ngữ với “Not only but also”:
Not only + §N + but + S + also + V
Ex: Not only is he handsome but he also plays the guitar well.
Not only is he good at English but he can also speak French.
7. Đảo ngữ với SO và SUCH:
So + adj + §N 
Such + be + N + that + ...
Ex: He worked so hard that he forgot his lunch.
à So hard did he work that he forgot his lunch.
She was so angry that she broke the vase.
à So angry was she that she broke the vase.
à Her anger was such that she broke the vase.
à Such was her anger that she broke the vase.
The play was so popular that the theater was full everyday.
à Such was the popularity of the play that the theater was full everyday.
8. Đảo ngữ với NOT UNTIL:
Not until + Clause + §N
Ex: I didn’t realize who he was until he came into the light.
à Not until he came into the light, did I realize who he was.
Emphasis: It was + V 
It was + S + that + Clause
Ex: It was William Shakespeare that he wrote “Hamlet”.
It was 5 years ago that I graduated from university. 
It was not until he was eight that he could speak.
à Not until he was eight, could he speak.
9. So
 + TĐT/ ĐN + S
Neither
10. Đảo ngữ với Nowhere:
Nowhere + §N
Ex: Nowhere could the wallet be found.
Nowhere do I feel as comfortable as I do at home.
11. Đảo ngữ với câu điều kiện:
a) Câu điều kiện loại 1: 
If clause = Should + S + V
Ex: If she comes late, she will miss the train.
à Should she comes late, she will miss the train.
b) Câu điều kiện loại 2:
If clause = Were S + to V/ Were + S
Ex: If I were you, I would work harder.
à Were I you, I would work harder.
 If I knew her, I would invite her to the party.
à Were I to know her, I would invite her to the party.
c) Câu điều kiện loại 3:
If clause = Had + S + PP
Ex: If he had worked harder, he wouldn’t have failed his exam.
à Had he worked harder, he wouldn’t have failed his exam.